Computer science | OPERATING SYSTEMS

cod. 0512100006

OPERATING SYSTEMS

	0512100006
	DIPARTIMENTO DI INFORMATICA

	COMPUTER SCIENCE
	2013/2014

CURRICULUM METODOLOGICO

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 1
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2008
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
INF/01	6	48	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS
INF/01	3	36	LAB	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS
INF/01	0	12	OTHER	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

PROFESSORS

	GIUSEPPE CATTANEO T Curriculum
	FERDINANDO CICALESE Curriculum

	Objectives
	KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE COURSE AIMS TO GIVE TO THE STUDENT A DEEP UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF A CLASSICAL OPERATING SYSTEM AND HOW IT COULD BE MANAGED BY THE ADMINISTRATOR. THIS GOAL IS PURSUED THROUGH THE DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERFACES AND THE FILE SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, THROUGH THE DEFINITION OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS, AND THROUGH THE MANAGEMENT OF MEMORY AND I / O. THIS GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM IS ALSO UPDATED THROUGH THE KNOWLEDGE AND USE OF THE UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM, WHICH WILL ALSO LEARN ABOUT THE MAIN OPERATING SYSTEM CALLS AND SHELL. THIS COURSE REPRESENTS A SYNTHESIS OF THE KNOWLEDGE ALREADY ACQUIRED ABOUT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND THE BASIC C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE, PROVIDING A DEEP INSIGHTS ON THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE UNIX KERNEL INVOKED BY USER PROGRAMS WRITTEN IN THE C LANGUAGE APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF MODERN OPERATING SYSTEMS AND HOW THEY WORK, WE INTEND TO ENABLE THE STUDENTS TO PERFORM BASIC SYSTEM ADMINITRATION (THROUGH SIMPLE SHELL SCRIPTS) AND TO WRITE SAMPLE PROGRAMS BASED ON THE MOST IMPORTANT SYSTEM CALL PROVIDED BY THE UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM. THIS PART OF THE PROGRAM IS MOSTLY DEVELOPED BY MEANS OF PRACTICAL EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED DURING THE LABORATORY EXERCISES MAKING JUDGMENT: THE COURSE ENCOURAGES THE ABILITY OF THE STUDENT TO DISCRIMINATE AND IN PARTICULAR THROUGH THE LABORATORY EXERCISES WILL PROVIDE ALL THE BASIC SKILLS NECESSARY TO TAKE SIMPLE DESIGN CHOICES IN TERMS OF ARCHITECTURE AND IN TERMS OF TOOLS TO EMPLOY. EACH STUDENT, AT THE END OF THE COURSE, WILL BE ABLE TO EVALUATE THE COST OF EACH DIFFERENT STRATEGY BASED ON DIFFERENT SYSTEM CALLS AND THEN TO ADOPT THE BEST ONE. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: BOTH IN THE CLASSROOM AND IN THE LABORATORY STUDENTS WILL BE ENCOURAGED TO ACTIVELY ATTEND CLASSES BY PROVIDING THE TEACHER WITH A CLEAR FEEDBACK ON THE RESULTS AND THE PROGRESS OF THE COURSE. ON THE OTHER HAND DISCUSSIONS WILL PROMOTE FURTHER INSIGHTS ON TOPICS OF SPECIFIC INTEREST. IN PARTICULAR THROUGH THE ELEARNING PLATFORM EVERY YEAR A FORUM IS STARTED THROUGH WHICH EACH STUDENT PROMOTES ONLINE DISCUSSIONS TO SHARE SOLUTIONS TO SPECIFIC QUESTIONS OR TO IMPROVE THEIR RESULTS. LEARNING SKILLS: EACH STUDENT, ACCORDING TO HIS LEARNING ABILITIES CAN CHOOSE THE MOST SUITABLE METHOD TO STUDY. IN PARTICULAR, EACH LESSON IN THE CLASSROOM IS FOLLOWED BY A LABORATORY SPECIFIC EXERCISE, OR HOMEWORK TO VERIFY IN DEDUCTIVE WAY THE SAME THEORETICAL RESULT PRESENTED IN THE CLASSROOM. THIS IS PARTICULARLY THE CASE FOR THE MEMORY MANAGEMENT AND FOR THE INPUT / OUTPUT SUBSYSTEMS FOR WHICH THE STUDENTS REALIZE TWO BENCHMARKS TO BE EXECUTED ON THEIR OWN COMPUTERS. THE RESULTS ARE THEN DISCUSSED IN THE CLASSROOM.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE COURSE AIMS TO GIVE TO THE STUDENT A DEEP UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE STRUCTURE OF A CLASSICAL OPERATING SYSTEM AND HOW IT COULD BE MANAGED BY THE ADMINISTRATOR. THIS GOAL IS PURSUED THROUGH THE DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERFACES AND THE FILE SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, THROUGH THE DEFINITION OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS, AND THROUGH THE MANAGEMENT OF MEMORY AND I / O.
THIS GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM IS ALSO UPDATED THROUGH THE KNOWLEDGE AND USE OF THE UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM, WHICH WILL ALSO LEARN ABOUT THE MAIN OPERATING SYSTEM CALLS AND SHELL.
THIS COURSE REPRESENTS A SYNTHESIS OF THE KNOWLEDGE ALREADY ACQUIRED ABOUT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND THE BASIC C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE, PROVIDING A DEEP INSIGHTS ON THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE UNIX KERNEL INVOKED BY USER PROGRAMS WRITTEN IN THE C LANGUAGE

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF MODERN OPERATING SYSTEMS AND HOW THEY WORK, WE INTEND TO ENABLE THE STUDENTS TO PERFORM BASIC SYSTEM ADMINITRATION (THROUGH SIMPLE SHELL SCRIPTS) AND TO WRITE SAMPLE PROGRAMS BASED ON THE MOST IMPORTANT SYSTEM CALL PROVIDED BY THE UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM. THIS PART OF THE PROGRAM IS MOSTLY DEVELOPED BY MEANS OF PRACTICAL EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED DURING THE LABORATORY EXERCISES

MAKING JUDGMENT:
THE COURSE ENCOURAGES THE ABILITY OF THE STUDENT TO DISCRIMINATE AND IN PARTICULAR THROUGH THE LABORATORY EXERCISES WILL PROVIDE ALL THE BASIC SKILLS NECESSARY TO TAKE SIMPLE DESIGN CHOICES IN TERMS OF ARCHITECTURE AND IN TERMS OF TOOLS TO EMPLOY. EACH STUDENT, AT THE END OF THE COURSE, WILL BE ABLE TO EVALUATE THE COST OF EACH DIFFERENT STRATEGY BASED ON DIFFERENT SYSTEM CALLS AND THEN TO ADOPT THE BEST ONE.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
BOTH IN THE CLASSROOM AND IN THE LABORATORY STUDENTS WILL BE ENCOURAGED TO ACTIVELY ATTEND CLASSES BY PROVIDING THE TEACHER WITH A CLEAR FEEDBACK ON THE RESULTS AND THE PROGRESS OF THE COURSE.
ON THE OTHER HAND DISCUSSIONS WILL PROMOTE FURTHER INSIGHTS ON TOPICS OF SPECIFIC INTEREST.
IN PARTICULAR THROUGH THE ELEARNING PLATFORM EVERY YEAR A FORUM IS STARTED THROUGH WHICH EACH STUDENT PROMOTES ONLINE DISCUSSIONS TO SHARE SOLUTIONS TO SPECIFIC QUESTIONS OR TO IMPROVE THEIR RESULTS.

LEARNING SKILLS:
EACH STUDENT, ACCORDING TO HIS LEARNING ABILITIES CAN CHOOSE THE MOST SUITABLE METHOD TO STUDY. IN PARTICULAR, EACH LESSON IN THE CLASSROOM IS FOLLOWED BY A LABORATORY SPECIFIC EXERCISE, OR HOMEWORK TO VERIFY IN DEDUCTIVE WAY THE SAME THEORETICAL RESULT PRESENTED IN THE CLASSROOM. THIS IS PARTICULARLY THE CASE FOR THE MEMORY MANAGEMENT AND FOR THE INPUT / OUTPUT SUBSYSTEMS FOR WHICH THE STUDENTS REALIZE TWO BENCHMARKS TO BE EXECUTED ON THEIR OWN COMPUTERS. THE RESULTS ARE THEN DISCUSSED IN THE CLASSROOM.

	Prerequisites
	THE STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW THE COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND THE C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.

	Contents
	48 HOURS FOR CLASSES 36 HOURS FOR LABORATORY INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION, STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM, AS WELL AS PROCESS MANAGEMENT AND MEMORY. (4 HOURS CLASSES) BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM: INSTALLATION, COMPILATION AND DEBUGGING, AND ELEMENTS OF A FIRST INTRODUCTION TO BASH. (3 HOURS LABORATORY) STRUCTURE OF OPERATING SYSTEMS: SERVICES, USER INTERFACE, SYSTEM CALLS, TYPES OF CALLS AND SYSTEM PROGRAMS. (2 HOURS CLASSES) FILE SYSTEM INTERFACE: THE CONCEPT OF FILE ACCESS METHODS, DIRECTORY STRUCTURE, MOUNTING A FILE SYSTEM BLOCK ALLOCATION METHODS, MANAGEMENT OF FREE SPACE. (4 HOURS CLASSES) IMPLEMENTATION OF FILE SYSTEM: STRUCTURES OF A FS, FS AND DIRECTORIES. (2 HOURS CLASSES) I / O FILES: FILE DESCRIPTOR, STANDARD FILE OPERATIONS ON FILES, FILE TABLE, FILE SHARING, ATOMIC OPERATIONS, I / O BUFFER. (1 HOUR CLASS, 3 HOURS LABORATORY) FILES AND DIRECTORIES: FILE TYPES, STAT STRUCTURE, REAL AND EFFECTIVE USER ID, ACCESS PERMISSIONS, LINKS (1 HOUR CLASS, 3 HOURS LABORATORY) PROCESSES: CONCEPT, SCHEDULING, OPERATIONS ON PROCESSES, PID, FORK, WAIT, EXIT, ENVIRONMENT, AND ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES, FILE SHARING, EXEC. (8 HOURS CLASSES, 12 HOURS LABORATORY) SIGNALS: CONCEPT, TYPES AND USE THE SIGNALS. (4 HOURS LECTURES, 3 HOURS LABORATORY) SCHEDULING: BASIC CONCEPTS, CRITERIA, SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS, EXAMPLES. (4 HOURS CLASSES) MEMORY MANAGEMENT: BACKGROUND, SWAPPING, CONTIGUOUS ALLOCATION, PAGING, PAGE TABLE STRUCTURE. (4 HOURS CLASSES) VIRTUAL MEMORY: BACKGROUND, DEMAND PAGING, COPY ON WRITE, PAGE REPLACEMENT, FRAME ALLOCATION, THRASHING (4 HOURS CLASSES) BASH: COMMAND, COMMAND LINE EDITING, CUSTOMIZING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES, SCRIPTS AND FUNCTIONS. (9 HOURS LABORATORY)

Contents

48 HOURS FOR CLASSES
36 HOURS FOR LABORATORY

INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION, STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM, AS WELL AS PROCESS MANAGEMENT AND MEMORY. (4 HOURS CLASSES)

BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM: INSTALLATION, COMPILATION AND DEBUGGING, AND ELEMENTS OF A FIRST INTRODUCTION TO BASH. (3 HOURS LABORATORY)

STRUCTURE OF OPERATING SYSTEMS: SERVICES, USER INTERFACE, SYSTEM CALLS, TYPES OF CALLS AND SYSTEM PROGRAMS. (2 HOURS CLASSES)

FILE SYSTEM INTERFACE: THE CONCEPT OF FILE ACCESS METHODS, DIRECTORY STRUCTURE, MOUNTING A FILE SYSTEM BLOCK ALLOCATION METHODS, MANAGEMENT OF FREE SPACE. (4 HOURS CLASSES)

IMPLEMENTATION OF FILE SYSTEM: STRUCTURES OF A FS, FS AND DIRECTORIES. (2 HOURS CLASSES)

I / O FILES: FILE DESCRIPTOR, STANDARD FILE OPERATIONS ON FILES, FILE TABLE, FILE SHARING, ATOMIC OPERATIONS, I / O BUFFER. (1 HOUR CLASS, 3 HOURS LABORATORY)

FILES AND DIRECTORIES: FILE TYPES, STAT STRUCTURE, REAL AND EFFECTIVE USER ID, ACCESS PERMISSIONS, LINKS (1 HOUR CLASS, 3 HOURS LABORATORY)

PROCESSES: CONCEPT, SCHEDULING, OPERATIONS ON PROCESSES, PID, FORK, WAIT, EXIT, ENVIRONMENT, AND ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES, FILE SHARING, EXEC. (8 HOURS CLASSES, 12 HOURS LABORATORY)

SIGNALS: CONCEPT, TYPES AND USE THE SIGNALS. (4 HOURS LECTURES, 3 HOURS LABORATORY)

SCHEDULING: BASIC CONCEPTS, CRITERIA, SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS, EXAMPLES. (4 HOURS CLASSES)

MEMORY MANAGEMENT: BACKGROUND, SWAPPING, CONTIGUOUS ALLOCATION, PAGING, PAGE TABLE STRUCTURE. (4 HOURS CLASSES)

VIRTUAL MEMORY: BACKGROUND, DEMAND PAGING, COPY ON WRITE, PAGE REPLACEMENT, FRAME ALLOCATION, THRASHING (4 HOURS CLASSES)

BASH: COMMAND, COMMAND LINE EDITING, CUSTOMIZING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES, SCRIPTS AND FUNCTIONS. (9 HOURS LABORATORY)

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE "SISTEMI OPERATIVI"PROVIDES A THEORETICAL PART OF LESSONS FOR THE TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE STRUCTURES OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM IN GENERAL AND IN PARTICULAR FOR THE UNIX OS. A SECTION ON PRACTICAL ASPECTS WILL BE DEVELOPED IN LABORATORY AND STUDENTS WILL USE UNIX API, THROUGH THE C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE, DEVELOPING SMALL SAMPLE APPLICATIONS FOR SYSTEM MANAGEMENT TASKS.

	Verification of learning
	EACH STUDENT SHOULD PASS THE EXAMINATION CONSISTING OF A WRITTEN TEST AND, AFTER PASSING IT, AN ORAL TEST WITH CONTEXTUAL VERIFICATION OF OWNED SKILLS. FOR THE THEORETICAL ASPECTS STUDENTS SHOULD PROVE THEIR ABILITY OF MAKING CHOICES NECESSARY TO PRESENT AND MOTIVATE THE SOLUTIONS PRESENTED. DUE TO THE WIDE RANGE OF TOPICS OF THE COURSE SYNTHESIS SKILLS AND THE ABILITY TO IDENTIFY SPECIFIC SOLUTIONS TO REAL PROBLEMS WILL BE PARTICULARLY APPRECIATED. THE LAB BASED CONTENTS WILL BE ASSESSED ON THE BASIS OF OPTIMALITY OF THE CHOICES MADE IN THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOLUTION RELIZED BY THE STUDENTS.

Verification of learning

EACH STUDENT SHOULD PASS THE EXAMINATION CONSISTING OF A WRITTEN TEST AND, AFTER PASSING IT, AN ORAL TEST WITH CONTEXTUAL VERIFICATION OF OWNED SKILLS.
FOR THE THEORETICAL ASPECTS STUDENTS SHOULD PROVE THEIR ABILITY OF MAKING CHOICES NECESSARY TO PRESENT AND MOTIVATE THE SOLUTIONS PRESENTED.
DUE TO THE WIDE RANGE OF TOPICS OF THE COURSE SYNTHESIS SKILLS AND THE ABILITY TO IDENTIFY SPECIFIC SOLUTIONS TO REAL PROBLEMS WILL BE PARTICULARLY APPRECIATED.
THE LAB BASED CONTENTS WILL BE ASSESSED ON THE BASIS OF OPTIMALITY OF THE CHOICES MADE IN THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOLUTION RELIZED BY THE STUDENTS.

	Texts
	A. SILBERSCHATZ, P.B.GALVIN, G.GAGNE, “SISTEMI OPERATIVI”, ADDISON-WESLEY, 8TH EDITION W.R. STEVENS, S.A. RAGO, “ADVANCED PROGRAMMING IN THE UNIX ENVIROMENT”, ADDISON-WESLEY, 2ND EDITION. C. NEWHAM, B. ROSENBLATT, “LEARNING THE BASH SHELL”, O'REILLY, 3RD EDITION SOFTWARE / HARDWARE: OPERATING SYSTEM: LINUX PC WITH NETWORK CONNECTION