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GENETICS

Scienze Biologiche GENETICS

0512800036
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY "ADOLFO ZAMBELLI"
EQF6
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
2022/2023

OBBLIGATORIO
YEAR OF COURSE 3
YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2016
AUTUMN SEMESTER
CFUHOURSACTIVITY
864LESSONS
MARIA VIVO T Curriculum
ExamDate
GENETICA20/06/2023 - 09:00
Objectives
ACQUISITION OF BASIC PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS THROUGH THE CONCEPTS OF FORMAL MOLECULAR AND POPULATIONS GENETICS. ACQUISITION OF COMPETENCE IN BIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF LIVING BODIES. MOLECULAR EVOLUTION AND MECHANISMS OF INHERITANCE. UNDERSTANDING OF MECHANISMS OF ORGANIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND EXPRESSION OF GENES AND GENOME.
Prerequisites
STUDENTS SHOULD HAVE SUCCESSFULLY PASSED THE EXAMS OF CYTOLOGY, HISTOLOGY, AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. IT IS RECOMMENDED FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF GENETICS THAT A DEEP AND REVISED BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF BIOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY (CHROMOSOMES-CHROMATIDS-MITOTIC SPINDLE-CELL DIVISION- MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS).
Contents
MENDELIAN ANALYSIS (8H FRONT LESSON)
GENETIC MEANING OF MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS; MENDEL'S LAWS; THE GENOTYPE AND THE PHENOTYPE; COMPLETE, INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE AND CODOMINANCE; LETHAL ALLELES; MULTIPLE ALLELES.

THE CHROMOSOMAL THEORY OF GENES AND CHROMOSOMES INHERITANCE (4H FRONT LESSON).
SEX-RELATED INHERITANCE; MECHANISMS OF GENETIC SEX DETERMINATION; MENDELIAN CHARACTERS IN HUMANS AND THE ANALYSIS OF FAMILY TREES.

EXTENSION OF MENDELIAN ANALYSIS (2H FRONT LESSON):
PLEIOTROPY; PENETRANCE AND EXPRESSIVENESS; INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GENES; GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION; NOTES ON QUANTITATIVE TRAITS

GENETIC MAPS IN EUKARYOTES (6H FRONT LESSON)
ASSOCIATION; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; CROSSING-OVER; GENETIC MAPS. RECOMBINATION ANALYSIS IN HAPLOID ORGANISMS; ANALYSIS OF TETRADS; GENE CONVERSION AND HOLLIDAY'S MODEL OF CROSSING-OVER; MITOTIC CROSSING-OVER.

GENETIC MAPS IN BACTERIA AND BACTERIOPHAGES (6H FRONT LESSON)
GENETIC MAPS IN BACTERIA: TRANSFORMATION, CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION;

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE GENE (20H FRONT LESSON)
THE HYPOTHESIS A GENE-AN ENZYME; BENZER EXPERIMENTS; THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE GENE; THE GENETIC CODE; GENE-PROTEIN COLINEARITY. GENOME ORGANIZATION: GENES AND CHROMOSOMES DNA AND RNA AS HEREDITARY MATERIAL; SEMI-CONSERVATIVE DNA DUPLICATION.

MECHANISMS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY (2H FRONT LESSON):
GENE MUTATIONS
FLUCTUATION TEST. INTRAGENIC AND INTERGENIC REVERSE MUTATION AND SUPPRESSION; SPONTANEOUS MUTATIONS. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL MUTAGENS AND INDUCED MOLECULAR DAMAGE. MUTAGENESIS TESTS. CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS. ANEUPLOIDIES, MONOPLOIDS AND POLYPLOIDS. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENTS. EFFECTS OF REARRANGEMENTS ON GENE EXPRESSION. INACTIVATION OF THE X CHROMOSOME, DOSAGE COMPENSATION. MOSAICISM.

REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN PROKARYOTES (4H FRONT LESSON)
UNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA. ELEMENTS OF CONTROL OF TRANSCRIPTION IN PROKARYOTES, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION, OPERONS, THE MODEL OF ATTENUATION. JACOB AND MONOD EXPERIMENTS.

REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN EUKARYOTES (6H FRONT LESSON)
ELEMENTS OF TRANSCRIPTION CONTROL AND POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE REGULATION OF TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTES. INACTIVATION OF THE X CHROMOSOME AND DOSAGE COMPENSATION. EPIGENETIC REGULATION MECHANISMS: HISTONE MODIFICATION, THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE. INTRODUCTION TO GENE TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT.

EXTRANUCLEAR INHERITANCE (2H FRONT LESSON)
NOTES ON: THE GENOME OF MITOCHONDRIA AND PLASTIDS. CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE. MATERNAL EFFECT.

POPULATION GENETICS (2H FRONT LESSON)
HARDY-WEINBERG'S LAW AND ITS APPLICATIONS. POLYMORPHISMS. EVOLUTIONARY MECHANISMS: MUTATION; MIGRATION; GENETIC DRIFT; NATURAL SELECTION AND FITNESS.

GENETIC ENGINEERING (2H FRONT LESSON)
Teaching Methods
THE COURSE IS ORGANIZED IN TWO HOURS LECTURES FOR A TOTAL OF 8 CFU, AIMED AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL SKILLS THROUGH THE STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF THE GENE THROUGH OBSERVATION, INTEGRATION OF PHENOTYPE, EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE AND ANALYSIS OF DATA IN A LOGICAL FASHION.
Verification of learning
THE FINAL EXAM TEST AIMS AT ASSESSING THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF RECOGNIZING HOW ONE OR MORE CHARACTERS ARE TRANSMITTED. IT CONSISTS OF A WRITTEN TEST PREPARATORY TO AN ORAL INTERVIEW. THE WRITTEN TEST TO BE CARRIED OUT IN 90 MINUTES CONSISTS OF FORMAL AND POPULATION GENETIC EXERCISES, SUCH AS IDENTIFICATION OF A GENOTYPE BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF A PROGENY, THE FORMULATION OF A GENETIC MAP, IDENTIFICATION OF THE TRANSMISSION MODE OF HUMAN SYNDROMES THROUGH THE STUDY OF THE GENEALOGICAL TREE, THE EVALUATION OF THE EQUILIBRIUM STATE OF A POPULATION, AS WELL AS QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE MECHANISMS OF DNA REPLICATION, GENE EXPRESSION, USE OF VARIOUS MODEL SYSTEMS FOR GENETIC ANALYSIS. THE ORAL EXAM WILL BE AIMED AT FILLING ANY GAPS FOUND IN THE WRITTEN TEST AND AT VERIFYING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORETICAL BASES THAT REGULATE THE INDICATED MECHANISMS.
Texts
GENETICA – DALL’ANALISI FORMALE ALLA GENOMICA. HARTWELL – HOOD-GOLDBERG-REYNOLDS- SILVER-VERES. ED. MCGRAW-HILL
GENETICA MODERNA. GRIFFITHS, A.J.F. -MILLER,J.H.-GELBART, W.M.-LEWONTIN, R. C. ED. ZANICHELLI
PRINCIPI DI GENETICA. SNUSTAD-SIMMONS. ED. EDISES
GENETICA. RUSSEL P.J. ED. EDISES
GENETICA. PIERCE B. A. ED ZANICHELLI
GENETICA ANALISI E PRINCIPI. ROBERT J. BROOKER. ED. ZANICHELLI
GENETICA – ANALISI DI GENI E GENOMI. HARTL – JONES. ED. EDISES
More Information
THE PROFESSOR WILL PROVIDE FURTHER EXPLANATIONS AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT TO THE STUDENTS DURING THE RECEPTION HOURS.
DAYS, TIMES AND PLACE OF RECEPTION, AS WELL AS ANY CHANGES, ARE COMMUNICATED TO THE FOLLOWING LINK: HTTPS://DOCENTI.UNISA.IT/031897/HOME
FURTHERMORE, IT IS POSSIBLE TO ARRANGE AN APPOINTMENT OUTSIDE THE SCHEDULED RECEPTION TIMES BY SENDING
AN EMAIL TO THE ADDRESS MVIVO@UNISA.IT
Lessons Timetable

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