Fisica | LABORATORY OF STRUCTURE OF MATTER

cod. 0522600014

LABORATORY OF STRUCTURE OF MATTER

	0522600014
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA "E.R. CAIANIELLO"

	PHYSICS
	2014/2015

PERCORSO COMUNE Cohort 2013/2014

	YEAR OF COURSE 2
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2010
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	FIS/03	6	72	LAB	SUPPLEMENTARY COMPULSORY SUBJECTS

	Objectives
	THIS COURSE AIMS TO OFFER A WIDE AND DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF ELECTRIC TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS BY PURSUING THE GOAL TO GIVE A PROPER BACKGROUND IN ORDER TO DEVELOP THE CORRESPONDING EXPERIMENTS IN THE LABORATORY ACTIVITY.

	Prerequisites
	TO HAVE AT LEAST FOLLOWED THE COURSE OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS.

	Contents
	• BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS, SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES, GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY, CRITICAL PARAMETERS, CHARACTERISTICS LENGTHS, MICROSCOPIC POINT OF VIEW OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; • PHASE DIAGRAM: ABRIKOSOV VORTEX LATTICE, TYPE I AND TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS, TYPE 1.5 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; VORTEX PHYSICS: IMAGING OF VORTICES, 1D VORTEX INTERACTION, ANYSOTROPY OF VORTEX LATTICE, ANGULAR DEPENDENCE OF CRITICAL PARAMETERS, 2D PARALLEL VORTICES, CURVE VORTICES, ELASTICITY OF VORTEX LATTICE, COEFFICIENTS MATRIX AND ELASTIC CONSTANTS; • FLUX PINNING: VORTEX STATICS, PINNING MECHANISMS OF SINGLE VORTEX-SINGLE DEFECT, PINNING ENERGY AND PINNING FORCES, CORE PINNING, MAGNETIC PINNING, PARAELASTIC INTERACTION, DIAELASTIC INTERACTION, COLLECTIVE PINNING, LARKIN-OVCHINNIKOV THEORY, MATERIAL DEFECTS, CLASSIFICATION OF CRYSTAL LATTICE DEFECTS: VACANCIES, DISLOCATIONS, TWIN BOUNDARIES, GRAIN BOUNDARIES, ENGENEERING OF PINNING CENTERS; • CRITICAL STATE: GENERAL MODELS, CRITICAL CURRENTS, MAGNETIC FIELD PENETRATION: LONGITUDINAL (BEAN MODEL) AND TRANSVERSE (BRANDT MODEL) GEOMETRY, GEOMETRY EFFECTS AND DEMAGNETIZATION FACTORS, MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES: HALL PROBE MAGNETOMETRY, MAGNETO-OPTICS; • DISSIPATIVE REGIMES: VORTEX DYNAMICS, FLUX FLOW, FLUX CREEP, TAFF, DYNAMIC REGIMES IN CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS, PHASE TRANSITION VORTEX-GLASS VORTEX-LIQUID, MELTING OF VORTEX LATTICE, DYNAMIC PHASE DIAGRAM; • STABILITY AND FLUX JUMPS: INSTABILITY OF CRITICAL STATE, ADIABATIC STABILITY, DYNAMIC STABILITY, FLUX JUMPING, THERMAL AND MAGNETIC DIFFUSION, CHARACTERISTIC TIMES, STEKLY PARAMETER, DENDRITIC PENETRATION, FLUX FLOW INSTABILITY. • SUPERCONDUCTING APPLICATIONS: INTRINSIC LIMITING MECHANISMS TO THE ELECTRIC CURRENT TRANSPORT: LTS, HTS, MGB2, IRON-BASED MATERIALS, HOW TO CHOOSE MATERIALS FOR LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS: TRANSMISSION CABLES, SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET ENERGY STORAGE (SMES), FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS, ..., SMALL SCALE APPLICATIONS: JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS BASED DEVICES. • EXPERIMENTS (TO BE CHOSEN) ON SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS: CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENTS AS A FUNCTION OF FIELD AND TEMPERATURE, H-T PHASE DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION, PINNING ENERGY AND PINNING FORCES MEASUREMENTS, ANGLE DEPENDENCE OF CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITY, INTRAGRAIN AND INTERGRAIN TRANSPORT MEASUREMENTS, HALL COEFFICIENT MEASURE, SPECIFIC HEAT MEASURE, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS (SEEBECK COEFFICIENT). LABVIEW PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT FOR INSTRUMENTS REMOTE CONTROLLING.

• BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY:
EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS, SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES, GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY, CRITICAL PARAMETERS, CHARACTERISTICS LENGTHS, MICROSCOPIC POINT OF VIEW OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY;
• PHASE DIAGRAM: ABRIKOSOV VORTEX LATTICE, TYPE I AND TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS, TYPE 1.5 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; VORTEX PHYSICS: IMAGING OF VORTICES, 1D VORTEX INTERACTION, ANYSOTROPY OF VORTEX LATTICE, ANGULAR DEPENDENCE OF CRITICAL PARAMETERS, 2D PARALLEL VORTICES, CURVE VORTICES, ELASTICITY OF VORTEX LATTICE, COEFFICIENTS MATRIX AND ELASTIC CONSTANTS;
• FLUX PINNING: VORTEX STATICS, PINNING MECHANISMS OF SINGLE VORTEX-SINGLE DEFECT, PINNING ENERGY AND PINNING FORCES, CORE PINNING, MAGNETIC PINNING, PARAELASTIC INTERACTION, DIAELASTIC INTERACTION, COLLECTIVE PINNING, LARKIN-OVCHINNIKOV THEORY, MATERIAL DEFECTS, CLASSIFICATION OF CRYSTAL LATTICE DEFECTS: VACANCIES, DISLOCATIONS, TWIN BOUNDARIES, GRAIN BOUNDARIES, ENGENEERING OF PINNING CENTERS;
• CRITICAL STATE: GENERAL MODELS, CRITICAL CURRENTS, MAGNETIC FIELD PENETRATION: LONGITUDINAL (BEAN MODEL) AND TRANSVERSE (BRANDT MODEL) GEOMETRY, GEOMETRY EFFECTS AND DEMAGNETIZATION FACTORS, MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES: HALL PROBE MAGNETOMETRY, MAGNETO-OPTICS;
• DISSIPATIVE REGIMES: VORTEX DYNAMICS, FLUX FLOW, FLUX CREEP, TAFF, DYNAMIC REGIMES IN CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS, PHASE TRANSITION VORTEX-GLASS VORTEX-LIQUID, MELTING OF VORTEX LATTICE, DYNAMIC PHASE DIAGRAM;
• STABILITY AND FLUX JUMPS: INSTABILITY OF CRITICAL STATE, ADIABATIC STABILITY, DYNAMIC STABILITY, FLUX JUMPING, THERMAL AND MAGNETIC DIFFUSION, CHARACTERISTIC TIMES, STEKLY PARAMETER, DENDRITIC PENETRATION, FLUX FLOW INSTABILITY.
• SUPERCONDUCTING APPLICATIONS: INTRINSIC LIMITING MECHANISMS TO THE ELECTRIC CURRENT TRANSPORT: LTS, HTS, MGB2, IRON-BASED MATERIALS, HOW TO CHOOSE MATERIALS FOR LARGE SCALE APPLICATIONS: TRANSMISSION CABLES, SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET ENERGY STORAGE (SMES), FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS, ..., SMALL SCALE APPLICATIONS: JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS BASED DEVICES.
• EXPERIMENTS (TO BE CHOSEN) ON SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS: CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENTS AS A FUNCTION OF FIELD AND TEMPERATURE, H-T PHASE DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION, PINNING ENERGY AND PINNING FORCES MEASUREMENTS, ANGLE DEPENDENCE OF CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITY, INTRAGRAIN AND INTERGRAIN TRANSPORT MEASUREMENTS, HALL COEFFICIENT MEASURE, SPECIFIC HEAT MEASURE, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS (SEEBECK COEFFICIENT).
LABVIEW PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT FOR INSTRUMENTS REMOTE CONTROLLING.

	Teaching Methods
	THEORETICAL LESSONS TO INTRODUCE THE EXPERIMENTS; EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION WITH DATA ANALYSIS; REMOTE CONTROL OF EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS.

	Verification of learning
	DISCUSSION ON THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED BY THE CHOSEN EXPERIMENT, IN WHICH DATA AND ANALYSIS SHOULD BE INCLUDED, TOGETHER WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS.

	Texts
	M. TINKHAM, “INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY”, MCGRAW-HILL, INC. 2ND EDITION; R. P. HUEBENER, “MAGNETIC FLUX STRUCTURES IN SUPERCONDUCTORS”, SPRINGER SERIES IN SOLID STATE SCIENCES, 2ND EDITION; C. POOLE, H. A. FARACH, R. J. CRESWICK, “SUPERCONDUCTIVITY”, ACADEMIC PRESS; M. N. WILSON, “SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS”, CLARENDON PRESS-OXFORD.

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