Fisica | MATTER PHYSICS

cod. 0522600010

MATTER PHYSICS

	0522600010
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA "E.R. CAIANIELLO"
	EQF7
	PHYSICS
	2017/2018

PERCORSO COMUNE

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 1
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2017
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
FIS/03	7	56	LESSONS	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS
FIS/03	2	24	EXERCISES	COMPULSORY SUBJECTS, CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CLASS

PROFESSORS

	MARIO SALERNO T Curriculum
	MARIA TERESA MERCALDO Curriculum

	Objectives
	THE TEACHING AIMS WILL BE FOCUSED ON THE FOLLOWING POINTS: 1.KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE AIM IS TO PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOLECULES AND TO THE MODERN THEORY OF SOLIDS. 2.APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING WILL BE DEVELOPED THROUGH PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES ALSO IN NEW OR UNFAMILIAR ENVIRONMENTS. IN PARTICULAR, STUDENTS WILL BE STIMULATED TO INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE AND HANDLE COMPLEXITY AND TO COMMUNICATE CONCLUSIONS AND KNOWLEDGE TO SPECIALIST AND NON SPECIALIST AUDIENCES.

THE TEACHING AIMS WILL BE FOCUSED ON THE FOLLOWING POINTS:
1.KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE AIM IS TO PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOLECULES AND TO THE MODERN THEORY OF SOLIDS.
2.APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING WILL BE DEVELOPED THROUGH PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES ALSO IN NEW OR UNFAMILIAR ENVIRONMENTS. IN PARTICULAR, STUDENTS WILL BE STIMULATED TO INTEGRATE KNOWLEDGE AND HANDLE COMPLEXITY AND TO COMMUNICATE CONCLUSIONS AND KNOWLEDGE TO SPECIALIST AND NON SPECIALIST AUDIENCES.

	Prerequisites
	ATOMIC PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS AT INTRODUCTORY LEVEL. QUANUM MECHANICS.

	Contents
	SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF TRANSPORT. BOLTZMANN EQUATION AND APPROXIMATION OF RELAXATION TIME. ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS. THE HALL EFFECT AND THE DUAL BAND MODEL OF MAGNETO-RESISTANCE. LATTICE CONDUCTIVITY. BEYOND THE INDEPENDENT ELECTRON APPROXIMATION. EXCHANGE INTERACTION. HARTTREE AND HARTHREE_FOCK APPROXIMATIONS. THE HARTREE-FOCK FREE ELECTRON GAS. GENERAL THEORY OF SCREENING IN METALS. THOMAS-FERMI THEORY AND THE THEORY OF LINDHARD. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LINDHARD. STATISTICAL MODEL OF THE ATOM AND METHOD OF THOMAS-FERMI. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY. KINETIC ENERGY AND EXCHANGE ENERGY FUNCTIONAL. THEOREM OF HOHENBERG-KOHN. CORRELATION ENERGY AND EQUATION OF KOHN-SHAM. LOCAL APPROXIMATION OF THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL. ELECTRON-ION INTERACTION. BORN-OPPENHEIMER ADIABATIC APPROXIMATION. ADIABATIC POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES OF DIATOMIC MOLECULES. THE IONIZED HYDROGEN MOLECULE. LCAO AND HEITLER-LONDON METHOD. THE HYDROGEN MOLECULE. MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY. ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS AND PRINCIPLE OF FRANCK-CONDON. THE MOLECULE OF AMMONIA. INTERMOLECULAR FORCES IN SOLIDS. LENARD-JONES POTENTIAL. COHESIVE ENERGY. MOLECULAR, IONIC AND COVALENT SOLIDS. CLASSICAL THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL. CLASSIC SPECIFIC HEAT AND DULONG-PETIT LAW. NORMAL MODES OF ONE DIMENSIONAL LATTICES. NORMAL MODES OF BRAVAIS LATTICES WITH BASIS. NORMAL MODES OF BRAVAIS LATTICE IN THREE DIMENSIONS. QUANTUM THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL. QUANTIZATION OF A ONE-DIMENSIONAL MONATOMIC CHAIN. NORMAL MODES AND PHONONS. HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC HEAT. MODELS OF DEBYE AND EINSTEIN. PHONON LEVEL DENSITY. MEASURING PHONON DISPERSION RELATIONS. NEUTRON SCATTERING BY A CRYSTAL. ZERO-, ONE-, AND TWO-PHONON SCATTERING. CRYSTAL MOMENTUM AND CONSERVATION LAWS. ANHARMONIC EFFECTS IN CRYSTALS. GENERAL ASPECTS AND EQUATION OF STATE. THERMAL EXPANSION OF A CRYSTAL. GRUNEISEN PARAMETER. PHONON COLLISIONS AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. MELTING TEMPERATURE. PHONONS IN METALS. ELEMENTARY THEORY OF THE PHONON DISPERSION RELATION. SOUND VELOCITY. KOHN ANOMALIES. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF A METAL. EFFECTIVE ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTION. THE INTERACTIONS OF SOLIDS WITH MAGNETIC FIELDS. LARMOR DIAMAGNETISM. HUND'S RULES. VAN VLECK PARAMAGNETISM. CURIE LAW IN SOLID. ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION. PAULI PARAMAGNETISM. CONDUCTION ELECTRON DIAMAGNETISM. ELECTRON INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC STRUCTURE. ELECTROSTATIC ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC INTERACTIONS. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TWO ELECTRON SYSTEM. SPIN HAMILTONIAN. DIRECT, SUPER, INDIRECT, AND ITINERANT EXCHANGE. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF A FREE ELECTRON GAS. THE HUBBARD MODEL. MAGNETIC ORDERING. TYPES OF MAGNETIC STRUCTURE. GROUND STATE OF THE HEISENBERG FERRO- AND ANTIFERRO-MAGNET. LOW TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES. SPIN WAVES. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND MEAN FIELD APPROXIMATION. EFFECTS OF DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC DOMAINS. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY. CRITICAL TEMPERATURE. THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES. THE MEISSENER EFFECT. CRITICAL FIELDS. SUPERCONDUCTING OF TYPE I AND II. SPECIFIC HEAT. ENERGY GAP. THE LONDON EQUATION. THE GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY. FLUX QUANTIZATION AND PERSISTENT CURRENT. STRUCTURE OF THE BCS THEORY. THE JOSEPHSON EFFECT.

Contents

SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF TRANSPORT. BOLTZMANN EQUATION AND APPROXIMATION OF RELAXATION TIME. ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS. THE HALL EFFECT AND THE DUAL BAND MODEL OF MAGNETO-RESISTANCE. LATTICE CONDUCTIVITY.

BEYOND THE INDEPENDENT ELECTRON APPROXIMATION. EXCHANGE INTERACTION. HARTTREE AND HARTHREE_FOCK APPROXIMATIONS. THE HARTREE-FOCK FREE ELECTRON GAS. GENERAL THEORY OF SCREENING IN METALS. THOMAS-FERMI THEORY AND THE THEORY OF LINDHARD. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LINDHARD.

STATISTICAL MODEL OF THE ATOM AND METHOD OF THOMAS-FERMI. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY. KINETIC ENERGY AND EXCHANGE ENERGY FUNCTIONAL. THEOREM OF HOHENBERG-KOHN. CORRELATION ENERGY AND EQUATION OF KOHN-SHAM. LOCAL APPROXIMATION OF THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL.

ELECTRON-ION INTERACTION. BORN-OPPENHEIMER ADIABATIC APPROXIMATION. ADIABATIC POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES OF DIATOMIC MOLECULES. THE IONIZED HYDROGEN MOLECULE. LCAO AND HEITLER-LONDON METHOD. THE HYDROGEN MOLECULE. MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY. ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS AND PRINCIPLE OF FRANCK-CONDON. THE MOLECULE OF AMMONIA.

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES IN SOLIDS. LENARD-JONES POTENTIAL. COHESIVE ENERGY. MOLECULAR, IONIC AND COVALENT SOLIDS.

CLASSICAL THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL. CLASSIC SPECIFIC HEAT AND DULONG-PETIT LAW. NORMAL MODES OF ONE DIMENSIONAL LATTICES. NORMAL MODES OF BRAVAIS LATTICES WITH BASIS. NORMAL MODES OF BRAVAIS LATTICE IN THREE DIMENSIONS.

QUANTUM THEORY OF THE HARMONIC CRYSTAL. QUANTIZATION OF A ONE-DIMENSIONAL MONATOMIC CHAIN. NORMAL MODES AND PHONONS. HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC HEAT. MODELS OF DEBYE AND EINSTEIN. PHONON LEVEL DENSITY.

MEASURING PHONON DISPERSION RELATIONS. NEUTRON SCATTERING BY A CRYSTAL. ZERO-, ONE-, AND TWO-PHONON SCATTERING. CRYSTAL MOMENTUM AND CONSERVATION LAWS.

ANHARMONIC EFFECTS IN CRYSTALS. GENERAL ASPECTS AND EQUATION OF STATE. THERMAL EXPANSION OF A CRYSTAL. GRUNEISEN PARAMETER. PHONON COLLISIONS AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY. MELTING TEMPERATURE.

PHONONS IN METALS. ELEMENTARY THEORY OF THE PHONON DISPERSION RELATION. SOUND VELOCITY. KOHN ANOMALIES. DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF A METAL. EFFECTIVE ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTION.

THE INTERACTIONS OF SOLIDS WITH MAGNETIC FIELDS. LARMOR DIAMAGNETISM. HUND'S RULES. VAN VLECK PARAMAGNETISM. CURIE LAW IN SOLID. ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION. PAULI PARAMAGNETISM. CONDUCTION ELECTRON DIAMAGNETISM.

ELECTRON INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC STRUCTURE. ELECTROSTATIC ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC INTERACTIONS. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TWO ELECTRON SYSTEM. SPIN HAMILTONIAN. DIRECT, SUPER, INDIRECT, AND ITINERANT EXCHANGE. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF A FREE ELECTRON GAS.
THE HUBBARD MODEL.

MAGNETIC ORDERING. TYPES OF MAGNETIC STRUCTURE. GROUND STATE OF THE HEISENBERG FERRO- AND ANTIFERRO-MAGNET. LOW TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES. SPIN WAVES. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND MEAN FIELD APPROXIMATION. EFFECTS OF DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS AND MAGNETIC DOMAINS.

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY. CRITICAL TEMPERATURE. THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES. THE MEISSENER EFFECT. CRITICAL FIELDS. SUPERCONDUCTING OF TYPE I AND II. SPECIFIC HEAT. ENERGY GAP. THE LONDON EQUATION. THE GINZBURG-LANDAU THEORY. FLUX QUANTIZATION AND PERSISTENT CURRENT. STRUCTURE OF THE BCS THEORY. THE JOSEPHSON EFFECT.

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE HAS A DOMINANT THEORETICAL CHARACTER WITH AN APPLICATIVE PART INVOLVING EXERCISES, COMPUTER SIMULATIONS AND WRITTEN REPORTS.

	Verification of learning
	THE EVALUATION WILL BE MADE WITH BOTH WRITTEN AND ORAL EXAMINATIONS.

	Texts
	B.H. BRANDSEN, C.J. JOACHAIN, PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES, LONGMAN, N.Y. (1991). N.W. ASHCROFT, N.D. MERMIN, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, SAUNDERS COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA (1976). G. GROSSO, G. PASTORI PARRAVICINI, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, ACADEMIC PRESS (2000). C. KITTEL, INTRODUZIONE ALLA FISICA DELLO STATO SOLIDO, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA (2008). H. IBACH E H. LUTH, SOLID-STATE PHYSICS (SPRINGER, BERLIN 2003). J.M. ZIMAN, I PRINCIPI DELLA TEORIA DEI SOLIDI (TAMBURINI, MILANO, 1975)

Texts

B.H. BRANDSEN, C.J. JOACHAIN, PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES, LONGMAN, N.Y. (1991).

N.W. ASHCROFT, N.D. MERMIN, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, SAUNDERS COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA (1976).

G. GROSSO, G. PASTORI PARRAVICINI, SOLID STATE PHYSICS, ACADEMIC PRESS (2000).

C. KITTEL, INTRODUZIONE ALLA FISICA DELLO STATO SOLIDO, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA (2008).
H. IBACH E H. LUTH, SOLID-STATE PHYSICS (SPRINGER, BERLIN 2003).
J.M. ZIMAN, I PRINCIPI DELLA TEORIA DEI SOLIDI (TAMBURINI, MILANO, 1975)