Ingegneria Civile per l'Ambiente ed il Territorio | INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES

cod. 0612500027

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES

	0612500027
	DIPARTIMENTO DI INGEGNERIA CIVILE
	EQF6
	CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
	2018/2019

PERCORSO COMUNE Cohort 2016/2017

	YEAR OF COURSE 3
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2012
	PRIMO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	ING-IND/27	6	60	LESSONS	OPTIONAL SUBJECTS

	Objectives
	FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES: TO FORM THE STUDENT TO THE EVALUATION OF THE VALUE AND HAZARDNESS OF SOLID AND LIQUID PARTICULATE CONTAINED IN GASEOUS STREAMS AND TO THE MASTERSHIP OF THE TECHNIQUES AND OF THE PROCESSES SUITABLE FOR THEIR SEPARATION FROM THOSE. EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS: KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING MEANING OF POLLUTANTS. METHODS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF POLLUTANTS. RELEVANCE OF CONCENTRATION AND FLOW RATES OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM NATURAL AND ANTROPIC PROCESSES. INTERACTION BETWEEN FLUID AND SUBMERGED PARTICULATES. DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT AND FLOW RATE OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES. MODELS OF DISPERSION OF SUBSTANCES IN THE ENVIRONMENT. MODELS FOR INSTANTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS RELEASE. CRITERIA FOR DESIGNING AND SIZING OF SYSTEMS FOR SEPARATION AND/OR REMOVAL OF LIQUID AND SOLID POLLUTANTS/PRODUCTS FROM GASEOUS STREAMS. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING ANALYSIS: ABILITY TO PERFORM SAMPLING OF GAS, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS DISPERSED IN GASEOUS STREAMS. ABILITY TO PERFORM THE CHOICE OF THE TYPE OF PLANT SUITABLE TO REMOVE LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATE FROM GASEOUS STREAMS. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING DESIGN: APPLICATION OF MODELS TO DESIGNING. DIMENSIONING OF SYSTEMS FOR LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM GASEOUS STREAMS MAKING JUDGMENTS - ENGINEERING PRACTICE ABILITY TO ASSESS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES. TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - COMMUNICATION SKILLS: ABILITY TO PRESENT AND/OR DISCUSS A TOPIC RELATED TO PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM GASEOUS STREAMS. LEARNING SKILLS – TRANSVERSAL SKILLS: ABILITY TO LEARN CONCEPTS RELATED TO POLLUTION GENERATED BY EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL PLANTS IN THE WAY TO BE ABLE TO ENTER OPERATIVE CONTEXT ALSO DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PRESENTED IN THE COURSE. ABILITY TO REFINE OWN KNOWLEDGEIN THE FIELD.

FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES: TO FORM THE STUDENT TO THE EVALUATION OF THE VALUE AND HAZARDNESS OF SOLID AND LIQUID PARTICULATE CONTAINED IN GASEOUS STREAMS AND TO THE MASTERSHIP OF THE TECHNIQUES AND OF THE PROCESSES SUITABLE FOR THEIR SEPARATION FROM THOSE.

EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS:
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
MEANING OF POLLUTANTS. METHODS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF POLLUTANTS. RELEVANCE OF CONCENTRATION AND FLOW RATES OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM NATURAL AND ANTROPIC PROCESSES. INTERACTION BETWEEN FLUID AND SUBMERGED PARTICULATES. DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT AND FLOW RATE OF POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES. MODELS OF DISPERSION OF SUBSTANCES IN THE ENVIRONMENT. MODELS FOR INSTANTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS RELEASE. CRITERIA FOR DESIGNING AND SIZING OF SYSTEMS FOR SEPARATION AND/OR REMOVAL OF LIQUID AND SOLID POLLUTANTS/PRODUCTS FROM GASEOUS STREAMS.

APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING ANALYSIS:
ABILITY TO PERFORM SAMPLING OF GAS, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS DISPERSED IN GASEOUS STREAMS. ABILITY TO PERFORM THE CHOICE OF THE TYPE OF PLANT SUITABLE TO REMOVE LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATE FROM GASEOUS STREAMS.

APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING – ENGINEERING DESIGN:
APPLICATION OF MODELS TO DESIGNING. DIMENSIONING OF SYSTEMS FOR LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM GASEOUS STREAMS

MAKING JUDGMENTS - ENGINEERING PRACTICE
ABILITY TO ASSESS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES.

TRANSVERSAL SKILLS - COMMUNICATION SKILLS:
ABILITY TO PRESENT AND/OR DISCUSS A TOPIC RELATED TO PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM GASEOUS STREAMS.

LEARNING SKILLS – TRANSVERSAL SKILLS:
ABILITY TO LEARN CONCEPTS RELATED TO POLLUTION GENERATED BY EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL PLANTS IN THE WAY TO BE ABLE TO ENTER OPERATIVE CONTEXT ALSO DIFFERENT FROM THOSE PRESENTED IN THE COURSE. ABILITY TO REFINE OWN KNOWLEDGEIN THE FIELD.

	Prerequisites
	REQUIRED BACKGROUND IS: KNOWLEDGE OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS AND OF FLUID DYNAMICS. PROPAEDEUTIC: CHEMISTRY, PHYSICS.

	Contents
	INTRODUCTION (3 HOURS LESSONS) INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE: CONTENTS, GOALS, MODALITY OF THE EXAM AND EVALUATION METHODS. SURVEY OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY: ACTIVITY FIELDS, GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION, MAIN CHRACTERISTICS, PRODUCTION SCALE, INDUSTRIAL DIMENSIONS. CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS AND SIGNIFICANT DISASTERS. POLLUTION. (2 HOURS LESSONS) DEFINITION OF POLLUTANT COMPOUND. NATURE OF ATMOSFERIC POLLUTANTS, EVALUATION OF NOXIOUS IN DEPENDENCE OF CONCENTRATION, OF THE PRODUCED QUANTITY AND OF THE EMISSION LOCATION. NATURAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CICLES AND ANTROPIC INTERVENTION DURING THE INDUSTRIAL AGE ON THE POLLUTANTS EMISSION. MOTIVATIONS TO CLEAN EXHAUST GASES. TIPOLOGY OF NATURAL AND ANTROPIC POLLUTANTS. THEIR DANGEROUSNESS AND REVOVAL DEGREE. DIPENDENCE OF THE OPTIONS ON ECONOMIC REASONS. DISPERSION MODELS (4 HOURS LESSONS, 4 HOURS EXERCISE) MODELS OF DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE. MODELS FOR INSTANTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS RELEASES. CRITERIA TO BE APLLIED FOR TOXIC EFFECTS. SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENTS (3 HOURS LESSONS) CHARACTERIZATION OF A GASEOUS EMISSION. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAMPLING, STRUCTURE OF THE SAMPLING TRAIN OF GASEOUS EMISSIONS. METHODS FOR FLOW RATE, TEMPERATURE, DEW POINT MEASUREMENTS OF THE GAS TO MONITOR. CONTROL OF THE SAMPLING VOLUME. ISOKINETIC SAMPLING. CONCENTRATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATES. DETERMINATION OF SOLID PARTICLES DIMENSION AND SURFACE AREA. GAS AND SUBMERGED PARTICLES INTERACTION (4 HOURS LESSONS, 4 HOURS EXERCISE) FLUID RESISTANCE TO PARTICLE MOTION. TERMINAL VELOCITY, STOPPING DISTANCE OF A PARTICLE IN A FLUID. SIMPLE REMOVAL PROCESSES (3 HOURS LESSONS, 2 HOURS EXERCISE) REMOVAL PROCESSES OF LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATES FROM GASEOUS STREAMS. GRAVITY CHAMBERS, PRINCIPLE OF OPERATIO, RELATIONSHIPS FOR EFFICIENCE CALCULATION; SEPARTORS BASED ON CHANGES OF MOMENTUM. CYCLONS (6 HOURS LESSONS, 6 HOURS EXERCISE) CYCLONS: DERIVATION OF DIMENSIONLESS GROUPS USEFULL FOR SCALING; DERIVATION OF THE DESIGN EQUATIONS FOR CYCLONS. SOLUTIONS OF PROBLEMS ON SCALE UP AND SCALE DOWN AND ON CYCLONS DESIGN. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS (2 HOURS LESSON 4 HOURS EXERCISE) ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, PARTICLES CHARGING, CORONA EFFECT, DERIVATION OF DEUTSH EQUATION. SOLUTION OF NUMERICAL PROBLEMS. FIBROUS FILTERS (2 HOURS LESSONS, 2 HOURS EXERCISE) FILTRATION BY FIBROUS FILTERS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, COLLECTION MECHANISMS, FILTERS MATERIALS AND HOUSING MATERIALS. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. GRANULAR BEDS. (2 HOURS LESSONS, 3 HOURS EXERCISES) FILTRATION BY GRANULAR BEDS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, COLLECTION MECHANISMS. DERIVATION OF BALANCE EQUATIONS. DERIVATION OF COLLECTION EFFICIENCY FOR SINGLE CAPTURE MECHANISM AND CALCULATION OF OVERALL EFFICIENCY. SOLUTION OF NUMERICAL PROBLEMS. PROJECT DESIGN OF A PLANT FOR PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM A GAS STREAM (5 HOURS EXERCISES)

Contents

INTRODUCTION (3 HOURS LESSONS)
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE: CONTENTS, GOALS, MODALITY OF THE EXAM AND EVALUATION METHODS.
SURVEY OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY: ACTIVITY FIELDS, GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION, MAIN CHRACTERISTICS, PRODUCTION SCALE, INDUSTRIAL DIMENSIONS. CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS AND SIGNIFICANT DISASTERS.

POLLUTION. (2 HOURS LESSONS)
DEFINITION OF POLLUTANT COMPOUND. NATURE OF ATMOSFERIC POLLUTANTS, EVALUATION OF NOXIOUS IN DEPENDENCE OF CONCENTRATION, OF THE PRODUCED QUANTITY AND OF THE EMISSION LOCATION. NATURAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CICLES AND ANTROPIC INTERVENTION DURING THE INDUSTRIAL AGE ON THE POLLUTANTS EMISSION. MOTIVATIONS TO CLEAN EXHAUST GASES. TIPOLOGY OF NATURAL AND ANTROPIC POLLUTANTS. THEIR DANGEROUSNESS AND REVOVAL DEGREE. DIPENDENCE OF THE OPTIONS ON ECONOMIC REASONS.

DISPERSION MODELS (4 HOURS LESSONS, 4 HOURS EXERCISE)
MODELS OF DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE. MODELS FOR INSTANTANEOUS AND CONTINUOUS RELEASES. CRITERIA TO BE APLLIED FOR TOXIC EFFECTS.

SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENTS (3 HOURS LESSONS)
CHARACTERIZATION OF A GASEOUS EMISSION. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAMPLING, STRUCTURE OF THE SAMPLING TRAIN OF GASEOUS EMISSIONS. METHODS FOR FLOW RATE, TEMPERATURE, DEW POINT MEASUREMENTS OF THE GAS TO MONITOR. CONTROL OF THE SAMPLING VOLUME. ISOKINETIC SAMPLING. CONCENTRATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATES. DETERMINATION OF SOLID PARTICLES DIMENSION AND SURFACE AREA.

GAS AND SUBMERGED PARTICLES INTERACTION (4 HOURS LESSONS, 4 HOURS EXERCISE)
FLUID RESISTANCE TO PARTICLE MOTION. TERMINAL VELOCITY, STOPPING DISTANCE OF A PARTICLE IN A FLUID.

SIMPLE REMOVAL PROCESSES (3 HOURS LESSONS, 2 HOURS EXERCISE)
REMOVAL PROCESSES OF LIQUID AND SOLID PARTICULATES FROM GASEOUS STREAMS. GRAVITY CHAMBERS, PRINCIPLE OF OPERATIO, RELATIONSHIPS FOR EFFICIENCE CALCULATION; SEPARTORS BASED ON CHANGES OF MOMENTUM.

CYCLONS (6 HOURS LESSONS, 6 HOURS EXERCISE)
CYCLONS: DERIVATION OF DIMENSIONLESS GROUPS USEFULL FOR SCALING; DERIVATION OF THE DESIGN EQUATIONS FOR CYCLONS. SOLUTIONS OF PROBLEMS ON SCALE UP AND SCALE DOWN AND ON CYCLONS DESIGN.

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS (2 HOURS LESSON 4 HOURS EXERCISE)
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, PARTICLES CHARGING, CORONA EFFECT, DERIVATION OF DEUTSH EQUATION. SOLUTION OF NUMERICAL PROBLEMS.

FIBROUS FILTERS (2 HOURS LESSONS, 2 HOURS EXERCISE)
FILTRATION BY FIBROUS FILTERS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, COLLECTION MECHANISMS, FILTERS MATERIALS AND HOUSING MATERIALS. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.

GRANULAR BEDS. (2 HOURS LESSONS, 3 HOURS EXERCISES)
FILTRATION BY GRANULAR BEDS: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, COLLECTION MECHANISMS. DERIVATION OF BALANCE EQUATIONS. DERIVATION OF COLLECTION EFFICIENCY FOR SINGLE CAPTURE MECHANISM AND CALCULATION OF OVERALL EFFICIENCY. SOLUTION OF NUMERICAL PROBLEMS.

PROJECT
DESIGN OF A PLANT FOR PARTICULATE REMOVAL FROM A GAS STREAM (5 HOURS EXERCISES)

	Teaching Methods
	ORAL FRONTAL LESSONS PROVIDED BY PROJECTION OF SLIDES WHERE THE NODE POINTS OF THE TREATED ARGUMENTS ARE LISTED AND WHERE GRAPHS AND TABLES, ACCOMPANYING THE DISCUSSION, ARE ALSO DESCRIBED (3 CFU). FOR WHAT CONCERNS THE APPLICATIVE PART (3 CFU): NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF EXERCISES AND PROJECT REPORTS JUST AFTER THE TREATED ARGUMENTS AVOIDING TO PRESENT SEPARATELY THE THEORY AT THE BASE OF CERTAIN PHENOMENA OR SOME EQUATIONS AND THEIR PRACTICAL APPLICATION. BEING THIS A COURSE OF FIRST DEGREE, ATTENDING THE LESSON IS MANDATORY (AS FROM REGULATION OF THE STUDY COURSE THE ATTENDANCE HAVE TO BE AT LEAST 70% OF THE TOTAL COURSE HOURS)

Teaching Methods

ORAL FRONTAL LESSONS PROVIDED BY PROJECTION OF SLIDES WHERE THE NODE POINTS OF THE TREATED ARGUMENTS ARE LISTED AND WHERE GRAPHS AND TABLES, ACCOMPANYING THE DISCUSSION, ARE ALSO DESCRIBED (3 CFU).
FOR WHAT CONCERNS THE APPLICATIVE PART (3 CFU): NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF EXERCISES AND PROJECT REPORTS JUST AFTER THE TREATED ARGUMENTS AVOIDING TO PRESENT SEPARATELY THE THEORY AT THE BASE OF CERTAIN PHENOMENA OR SOME EQUATIONS AND THEIR PRACTICAL APPLICATION.
BEING THIS A COURSE OF FIRST DEGREE, ATTENDING THE LESSON IS MANDATORY (AS FROM REGULATION OF THE STUDY COURSE THE ATTENDANCE HAVE TO BE AT LEAST 70% OF THE TOTAL COURSE HOURS)

	Verification of learning
	THE EVALUATION OF THE REACHING OF THE PREFIXED GOALS WILL OCCUR BY A WRITTEN TEST AT THE COURSE END (2 HOURS DURATION) THAT INCLUDES THE NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF EXERCISES AND PROJECT REPORTS AND A SUBSEQUENT ORAL COLLOQUIUM. TO PASS THE EXAM, THE STUDENT MUST DEMONSTRATE TO HAVE UNDERSTOOD THE CRITERIA TO PERFORM THE CHOICE AND THE DIMENSIONING OF PROCESSES USEFULL TO REMOVE SOLIDS POLLUTANTS/PRODUCTS FROM GASEOUS STREAMS AND TO BE ABLE TO APPLY THE RIGHT FOR QUANTITATIVE EVALUATING OF THE DISPERSION OF GASEOUS OR SOLID POLLUTANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT. THE SCORE, EXPRESSED AS FRACTION OF THIRTHY WITH POSSIBLE LAUD, WILL DEPEND ON THE MASTERHOOD ACQUIRED ON THE COURSE CONTENTS BY THE STUDENT, TAKING ALSO INTO ACCOUNT THE QUALITY OF THE WRITTEN AND ORAL EXPOSURES AND OF THE JUDGMENT AUTONOMY DEMONSTRATED.

Verification of learning

THE EVALUATION OF THE REACHING OF THE PREFIXED GOALS WILL OCCUR BY A WRITTEN TEST AT THE COURSE END (2 HOURS DURATION) THAT INCLUDES THE NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF EXERCISES AND PROJECT REPORTS AND A SUBSEQUENT ORAL COLLOQUIUM. TO PASS THE EXAM, THE STUDENT MUST DEMONSTRATE TO HAVE UNDERSTOOD THE CRITERIA TO PERFORM THE CHOICE AND THE DIMENSIONING OF PROCESSES USEFULL TO REMOVE SOLIDS POLLUTANTS/PRODUCTS FROM GASEOUS STREAMS AND TO BE ABLE TO APPLY THE RIGHT FOR QUANTITATIVE EVALUATING OF THE DISPERSION OF GASEOUS OR SOLID POLLUTANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT. THE SCORE, EXPRESSED AS FRACTION OF THIRTHY WITH POSSIBLE LAUD, WILL DEPEND ON THE MASTERHOOD ACQUIRED ON THE COURSE CONTENTS BY THE STUDENT, TAKING ALSO INTO ACCOUNT THE QUALITY OF THE WRITTEN AND ORAL EXPOSURES AND OF THE JUDGMENT AUTONOMY DEMONSTRATED.

	Texts
	MAIN TEXT - INDUSTRIAL GAS CLEANING. 2ND EDITION. W. STRAUSS. PERGAMON PRESS CONSULTATION TEXTS - HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING. F. SPELLMAN. CRC PRESS. - CHEMICAL PROCESS SAFETY. THIRD EDITION. D.A. CROWL AND J.F. LOUVAR. PRENTICE HALL PRESS - COPY OF SLIDES EMPLOYED DURING THE LESSONS

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