Economia e Management | DATA BASE AVANZATI

cod. 0212700137

DATA BASE AVANZATI

	0212700137
	DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE AZIENDALI - MANAGEMENT & INNOVATION SYSTEMS
	EQF6
	BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
	2017/2018

CURRICULUM AMMINISTRAZIONE, FINANZA E CONTROLLO

	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2014
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	INF/01	5	30	LESSONS	OPTIONAL SUBJECTS

	Objectives
	THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS TO OFFER A COMPREHENSIVE INTRODUCTION TO CONCEPTS (KNOWLEDGE) AND TECHNIQUES (HOW TO DO) OF THE DESIGNING OF DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS, THAT CAN BE USEFUL TO THE STUDENT FOR CONTINUING THE STUDIES AND FOR HIS FUTURE WORK. IN PARTICULAR, REGARDING THE CONCEPTS (KNOWLEDGE), THE STUDENT: • INITIALLY, IT WILL DEEPEN AND COMPLETE THE STUDY OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE DATA BASES THAT HAS ALREADY BEEN DEALT WITH IN PREVIOUS COURSES, AND IN PARTICULAR WILL DEEPEN SQL LANGUAGE BY STUDYING ITS ADVANCED FEATURES. • IT WILL ADDRESS THE CONCEPTUAL AND LOGICAL DESIGN PROCESSES (WHICH ARE THE FOCUS OF THE COURSE), OF DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS, WITH RELATIVE RESTRUCTURING, VERIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THESE PROCESSES, WHICH WILL ALLOW, STARTING FROM USER REQUIREMENTS (WHOSE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS WILL BE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED), TO PRODUCE QUALITY DATA BASE WITHIN AN INFORMATION SYSTEM. HE WILL ADDRESS SOME ADVANCED TOPICS SUCH AS DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING, THE BIG DATA PROBLEM, ONLINE DATA BASES, AND MULTIMEDIA DATA BASES. • AT THE END OF THE COURSE, HE / SHE WILL ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE AND MASTERY OF TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGY AND DESIGN METHODOLOGIES TO MOVE PROPERLY IN DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON THE APPLICATION ASPECT, WHICH IS A FUNDAMENTAL PART OF THE COURSE AND THE FINAL EVALUATION, SO FOR THE TECHNIQUES (HOW TO DO) THE STUDENT: • IT WILL BE ABLE TO DESIGN, FIRST CONCEPTUALLY AND THEN LOGICALLY, A DATABASE BASED ON THE RELATIONAL LOGIC MODEL AFTER EVALUATING THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY AND RESOURCE COMMITMENT THAT IT REQUIRES. • IT WILL BE ABLE TO ANALYZE AND MODIFY THE INITIAL DESIGN OF THE DATABASE THROUGH MAJOR REFURBISHMENT AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND TO VERIFY ITS QUALITY BY ELIMINATING ANY ANOMALIES THROUGH STANDARD PROCESSES SUCH AS NORMALIZATION. •AT THE END OF THE COURSE, HE WILL HAVW ACQUIRED METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL TOOLS THAT WILL ALLOW HIM TO DEVELOP SMALL DB-BASED APPLICATIONS THAT ARE CORRECT AND WORKING EFFECTIVELY.

THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS TO OFFER A COMPREHENSIVE INTRODUCTION TO CONCEPTS (KNOWLEDGE) AND TECHNIQUES (HOW TO DO) OF THE DESIGNING OF DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS, THAT CAN BE USEFUL TO THE STUDENT FOR CONTINUING THE STUDIES AND FOR HIS FUTURE WORK.
IN PARTICULAR, REGARDING THE CONCEPTS (KNOWLEDGE), THE STUDENT:
• INITIALLY, IT WILL DEEPEN AND COMPLETE THE STUDY OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF THE DATA BASES THAT HAS ALREADY BEEN DEALT WITH IN PREVIOUS COURSES, AND IN PARTICULAR WILL DEEPEN SQL LANGUAGE BY STUDYING ITS ADVANCED FEATURES.
• IT WILL ADDRESS THE CONCEPTUAL AND LOGICAL DESIGN PROCESSES (WHICH ARE THE FOCUS OF THE COURSE), OF DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS, WITH RELATIVE RESTRUCTURING, VERIFICATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF THESE PROCESSES, WHICH WILL ALLOW, STARTING FROM USER REQUIREMENTS (WHOSE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS WILL BE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED), TO PRODUCE QUALITY DATA BASE WITHIN AN INFORMATION SYSTEM.
HE WILL ADDRESS SOME ADVANCED TOPICS SUCH AS DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING, THE BIG DATA PROBLEM, ONLINE DATA BASES, AND MULTIMEDIA DATA BASES.
• AT THE END OF THE COURSE, HE / SHE WILL ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE AND MASTERY OF TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGY AND DESIGN METHODOLOGIES TO MOVE PROPERLY IN DATA-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS.
PARTICULAR EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON THE APPLICATION ASPECT, WHICH IS A FUNDAMENTAL PART OF THE COURSE AND THE FINAL EVALUATION, SO FOR THE TECHNIQUES (HOW TO DO) THE STUDENT:
• IT WILL BE ABLE TO DESIGN, FIRST CONCEPTUALLY AND THEN LOGICALLY, A DATABASE BASED ON THE RELATIONAL LOGIC MODEL AFTER EVALUATING THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY AND RESOURCE COMMITMENT THAT IT REQUIRES.
• IT WILL BE ABLE TO ANALYZE AND MODIFY THE INITIAL DESIGN OF THE DATABASE THROUGH MAJOR REFURBISHMENT AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND TO VERIFY ITS QUALITY BY ELIMINATING ANY ANOMALIES THROUGH STANDARD PROCESSES SUCH AS NORMALIZATION.
•AT THE END OF THE COURSE, HE WILL HAVW ACQUIRED METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL TOOLS THAT WILL ALLOW HIM TO DEVELOP SMALL DB-BASED APPLICATIONS THAT ARE CORRECT AND WORKING EFFECTIVELY.

	Prerequisites
	BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, AS FROM THE COURSE "FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE" OF THIS DEGREE COURSE. MODULE A OF THE "ORGANIZATION OF TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS" COURSE, WHICH INCLUDES: •STRUCTURE AND MODEL OF A DBMS: INTRODUCTION TO DBMS - INFORMATION SYSTEMS, DB AND DBMS - RELATIONAL MODEL - LANGUAGES, USERS, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES - RELATIONAL MODEL, STRUCTURES AND CONSTRAINTS OF INTEGRITY •THE SQL LANGUAGE: SIMPLE QUERIES (SQL STATEMENT, SELECT-FROM-WHERE, ALIAS, WILDCARD, QUERY FUNCTIONS, MULTIPLE CONDITIONS AND RANGE SEARCH, ORDERING, PARTIAL SEARCH (LIKE), MULTIPLE ORDERINGS, MULTIPLE TABLE QUERIES ) - AGGREGATION OPERATIONS - GROUPING QUERIES - QUERIES ON SETS - NESTED QUERIES - DATA MANIPULATING BY SQL (INSERTING, DELETING, AND UPDATING QUERIES). •DBMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY: STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE TO USE THE MAIN PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES OF A DBMS APPLICATION: CREATE AND MODIFY TABLE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES, DEFINE DATA TYPE AND CONSTRAINTS, POPULATE TABLES, CREATE AND USE TEMPLATES AND REPORT. USE THE SQL LANGUAGE.

Prerequisites

BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, AS FROM THE COURSE "FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE" OF THIS DEGREE COURSE.
MODULE A OF THE "ORGANIZATION OF TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS" COURSE, WHICH INCLUDES:
•STRUCTURE AND MODEL OF A DBMS: INTRODUCTION TO DBMS - INFORMATION SYSTEMS, DB AND DBMS - RELATIONAL MODEL - LANGUAGES, USERS, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES - RELATIONAL MODEL, STRUCTURES AND CONSTRAINTS OF INTEGRITY
•THE SQL LANGUAGE: SIMPLE QUERIES (SQL STATEMENT, SELECT-FROM-WHERE, ALIAS, WILDCARD, QUERY FUNCTIONS, MULTIPLE CONDITIONS AND RANGE SEARCH, ORDERING, PARTIAL SEARCH (LIKE), MULTIPLE ORDERINGS, MULTIPLE TABLE QUERIES ) - AGGREGATION OPERATIONS - GROUPING QUERIES - QUERIES ON SETS - NESTED QUERIES - DATA MANIPULATING BY SQL (INSERTING, DELETING, AND UPDATING QUERIES).
•DBMS PROGRAMMING LABORATORY: STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE TO USE THE MAIN PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES OF A DBMS APPLICATION: CREATE AND MODIFY TABLE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES, DEFINE DATA TYPE AND CONSTRAINTS, POPULATE TABLES, CREATE AND USE TEMPLATES AND REPORT. USE THE SQL LANGUAGE.

	Contents
	SQL LANGUAGE, ADVANCED QUERIES: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL JOINS - COMPLEX NESTED QUERIES SQL LANGUAGE, ADVANCED CONCEPTS: SQL AS A DDL LANGUAGE - GENERIC CONSTRAINTS - ASSERTIONS - VIEWS - SCALAR FUNCTIONS - ACCESS CONTROL - TRANSACTIONS SQL FOR APPLICATIONS: PROCEDURES - TRIGGER - SQL EMBEDDED - USING SQL IN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES. INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE DESIGNING: THE INFORMATION SYSTEM LIFECYCLE - DESIGN METHODOLOGIES AND DATABASES. THE ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL: THE MODEL'S MAJOR CONSTRUCTS: ENTITY, RELATIONSHIPS, ATTRIBUTES, CARDINALITY OF RELATIONSHIPS AND ATTRIBUTES, ENTITY INDICATORS, GENERALIZATIONS - E-R SCHEMA DOCUMENTATION - FINAL OVERVIEW OF THE ER MODEL. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN: REQUIREMENTS COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS - CONCEPTUAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA - PROJECT STRATEGIES - QUALITY OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK - A GENERAL METHODOLOGY - AN EXAMPLE OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN. LOGIC DESIGN: LOGICAL DESIGN PHASES - PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON E-R SCHEMES - E-R SCHEMA RESTRUCTURING - TRANSLATION TO RELATIONAL MODEL - AN EXAMPLE OF LOGICAL DESIGN. NORMALIZATION: REDUNDANCIES AND ABNORMALITIES - FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES - NORMAL FORM OF BOYCE AND CODD - DECOMPOSITION PROPERTIES - THIRD NORMAL FORM - OTHER NORMAL FORMS - DATABASES DESIGN AND STANDARDIZATION. ADVANCED CONCEPTS: DATA WAREHOUSING - DATA MINING - THE BIG DATA - ONLINE DATABASES - MULTIMEDIA DATABASES

Contents

SQL LANGUAGE, ADVANCED QUERIES: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL JOINS - COMPLEX NESTED QUERIES
SQL LANGUAGE, ADVANCED CONCEPTS: SQL AS A DDL LANGUAGE - GENERIC CONSTRAINTS - ASSERTIONS - VIEWS - SCALAR FUNCTIONS - ACCESS CONTROL - TRANSACTIONS
SQL FOR APPLICATIONS: PROCEDURES - TRIGGER - SQL EMBEDDED - USING SQL IN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES.
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE DESIGNING: THE INFORMATION SYSTEM LIFECYCLE - DESIGN METHODOLOGIES AND DATABASES.
THE ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL: THE MODEL'S MAJOR CONSTRUCTS: ENTITY, RELATIONSHIPS, ATTRIBUTES, CARDINALITY OF RELATIONSHIPS AND ATTRIBUTES, ENTITY INDICATORS, GENERALIZATIONS - E-R SCHEMA DOCUMENTATION - FINAL OVERVIEW OF THE ER MODEL.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN: REQUIREMENTS COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS - CONCEPTUAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA - PROJECT STRATEGIES - QUALITY OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK - A GENERAL METHODOLOGY - AN EXAMPLE OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN.
LOGIC DESIGN: LOGICAL DESIGN PHASES - PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON E-R SCHEMES - E-R SCHEMA RESTRUCTURING - TRANSLATION TO RELATIONAL MODEL - AN EXAMPLE OF LOGICAL DESIGN.
NORMALIZATION: REDUNDANCIES AND ABNORMALITIES - FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES - NORMAL FORM OF BOYCE AND CODD - DECOMPOSITION PROPERTIES - THIRD NORMAL FORM - OTHER NORMAL FORMS - DATABASES DESIGN AND STANDARDIZATION.
ADVANCED CONCEPTS: DATA WAREHOUSING - DATA MINING - THE BIG DATA - ONLINE DATABASES - MULTIMEDIA DATABASES

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE INCLUDES 30 HOURS OF TEACHING (5 CFU). IN PARTICULAR, 3 CFUS (18 HOURS) WILL BE DEVOTED TO THE "THEORETICAL" PART, WHICH WILL BE ACCOMPANIED BY AN ADEQUATE NUMBER OF EXAMPLES, AND 2 CFU (12 HOURS) IN THE EXERCISES THAT WILL BE TAKEN BY STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM AND IN THE DISCUSSING OF THE PROGRESS OF THE PROJECT FINAL. THE COURSE AIMS TO ENTICE STUDENTS TO THE PROCESS OF LIFELONG LEARNING, THAT IS TO PRACTICE CONTINUOUS UPDATING OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS, SEEKING TO STIMULATE CURIOSITY AND INTEREST IN COMPUTING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES. TO INCREASE THE LEARNING ABILITY, THE TEACHER WILL SHOW THE "PRACTICAL" IMPLICATIONS OF WHAT WILL BE PRESENTED IN LESSON. THE TEACHER WILL TRY TO STIMULATE THE STUDENTS TO A CONTINUOUS INTERACTION WITH HIM AND THE OTHER STUDENTS AND TO ENTICE THEM INTO A SERIOUS AND CONSTANT STUDY. IN THE CLASSROOM, IN ORDER TO KEEP WATCH OVER ALWAYS VIGILANT, SLIDES WILL BE MADE, SUITABLY ACCOMPANIED BY MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS. IN ORDER TO BECOME ACCUSTOMED TO SELF-LEARNING, STUDENTS WILL BE INVITED TO DEEPEN THE COURSE TOPICS BY ADVISING THEM TO USE ONLINE AND OFFLINE RESOURCES OF PARTICULAR INTEREST. DURING THE COURSE THE TEACHER WILL MAKE EXTENSIVE USE OF EXAMPLES, GUIDED EXERCISES AND EXERCISES TO BE PERFORMED AT HOME BY STUDENTS, WITH CORRECTION TO THE NEXT LESSON. FROM A STRUCTURAL POINT OF VIEW, THE LESSONS WILL CONSIST OF •FRONTAL LESSONS WITH GUIDED EXERCITATIONS, PERFORMED BY THE LECTURER IN THE CLASSROOM •FREE EXERCITATIONS, CONDUCTED BY STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM •EXERCISES TO BE PERFORMED AT HOME •• DISCUSSION OF THE PROGRESS OF THE FINAL PROJECT

Teaching Methods

THE COURSE INCLUDES 30 HOURS OF TEACHING (5 CFU). IN PARTICULAR, 3 CFUS (18 HOURS) WILL BE DEVOTED TO THE "THEORETICAL" PART, WHICH WILL BE ACCOMPANIED BY AN ADEQUATE NUMBER OF EXAMPLES, AND 2 CFU (12 HOURS) IN THE EXERCISES THAT WILL BE TAKEN BY STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM AND IN THE DISCUSSING OF THE PROGRESS OF THE PROJECT FINAL.
THE COURSE AIMS TO ENTICE STUDENTS TO THE PROCESS OF LIFELONG LEARNING, THAT IS TO PRACTICE CONTINUOUS UPDATING OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS, SEEKING TO STIMULATE CURIOSITY AND INTEREST IN COMPUTING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES.
TO INCREASE THE LEARNING ABILITY, THE TEACHER WILL SHOW THE "PRACTICAL" IMPLICATIONS OF WHAT WILL BE PRESENTED IN LESSON. THE TEACHER WILL TRY TO STIMULATE THE STUDENTS TO A CONTINUOUS INTERACTION WITH HIM AND THE OTHER STUDENTS AND TO ENTICE THEM INTO A SERIOUS AND CONSTANT STUDY. IN THE CLASSROOM, IN ORDER TO KEEP WATCH OVER ALWAYS VIGILANT, SLIDES WILL BE MADE, SUITABLY ACCOMPANIED BY MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS.
IN ORDER TO BECOME ACCUSTOMED TO SELF-LEARNING, STUDENTS WILL BE INVITED TO DEEPEN THE COURSE TOPICS BY ADVISING THEM TO USE ONLINE AND OFFLINE RESOURCES OF PARTICULAR INTEREST.
DURING THE COURSE THE TEACHER WILL MAKE EXTENSIVE USE OF EXAMPLES, GUIDED EXERCISES AND EXERCISES TO BE PERFORMED AT HOME BY STUDENTS, WITH CORRECTION TO THE NEXT LESSON.
FROM A STRUCTURAL POINT OF VIEW, THE LESSONS WILL CONSIST OF
•FRONTAL LESSONS WITH GUIDED EXERCITATIONS, PERFORMED BY THE LECTURER IN THE CLASSROOM
•FREE EXERCITATIONS, CONDUCTED BY STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM
•EXERCISES TO BE PERFORMED AT HOME
•• DISCUSSION OF THE PROGRESS OF THE FINAL PROJECT

	Verification of learning
	THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES OF THE TEACHING IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING A THIRTY-POINT EVALUATION EXAM, TO WHICH A PRAISE MAY BE ADDED. DURING THE EXAM, THE STUDENT MUST DEMONSTRATE THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORETICAL CONCEPTS, AND THAT HE/SHE IS ABLE TO APPLY PRACTICALLY THE TECHNIQUES FOR REALIZING A GOOD (BOTH CONCEPTUAL AND LOGICAL) PROJECT OF A DATABASE. THE EXAM FOR STUDENTS WHO HAVE REGULARLY FOLLOWED THE COURSE PROVIDES THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPLETE PROJECT, ASSIGNED BY THE TEACHER DURING THE COURSE AND WHOSE PROGRESS WILL BE DISCUSSED DURING THE LESSONS. DURING THE EXAM, THE INTERVIEW WILL START FROM THE DISCUSSION OF THE PROJECT AND WILL BE SUPPLEMENTED BY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE. FOR ALL OTHER STUDENTS, THE EXAM PROVIDES FOR A WRITTEN TEST IN WHICH THEY WILL HAVE TO CARRY OUT PARTS OF A DESIGN AND A FINAL INTERVIEW, WHICH WILL NORMALLY TAKE PLACE ON THE SAME DAY OF THE WRITTEN TEST, WHICH WILL START FROM THE DISCUSSION OF THE TEST ITSELF AND WILL BE SUPPLEMENTED BY QUESTIONS ABOUT COURSE CONTENT. THE FINAL VOTE IS USUALLY GIVEN BY THE SUM OF THE VOTES OF THE TWO SIDES OF THE EXAM: PROJECT (OR WRITTEN TEST) AND INTERVIEW AFFECTING THE FINAL VOTE WITH EQUAL WEIGHT. EACH OF THE TWO PARTIES HAS A MINIMUM ENOUGH THRESHOLD (EQUAL TO 9 POINTS PER TEST). THE EXAM MUST BE FULLY FILED IN ONE APPEAL, SO THE TWO PARTIES MUST BE OVERCOME BOTH IN THE SAME APPEAL. THIS MEANS THAT TRIALS ARE NOT CONSERVATIVE: THEY WILL NOT, THEREFORE, PASS TESTS PASSED IN OTHER APPEALS.

Verification of learning

THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVES OF THE TEACHING IS CERTIFIED BY PASSING A THIRTY-POINT EVALUATION EXAM, TO WHICH A PRAISE MAY BE ADDED.
DURING THE EXAM, THE STUDENT MUST DEMONSTRATE THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE THEORETICAL CONCEPTS, AND THAT HE/SHE IS ABLE TO APPLY PRACTICALLY THE TECHNIQUES FOR REALIZING A GOOD (BOTH CONCEPTUAL AND LOGICAL) PROJECT OF A DATABASE.
THE EXAM FOR STUDENTS WHO HAVE REGULARLY FOLLOWED THE COURSE PROVIDES THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPLETE PROJECT, ASSIGNED BY THE TEACHER DURING THE COURSE AND WHOSE PROGRESS WILL BE DISCUSSED DURING THE LESSONS. DURING THE EXAM, THE INTERVIEW WILL START FROM THE DISCUSSION OF THE PROJECT AND WILL BE SUPPLEMENTED BY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE.
FOR ALL OTHER STUDENTS, THE EXAM PROVIDES FOR A WRITTEN TEST IN WHICH THEY WILL HAVE TO CARRY OUT PARTS OF A DESIGN AND A FINAL INTERVIEW, WHICH WILL NORMALLY TAKE PLACE ON THE SAME DAY OF THE WRITTEN TEST, WHICH WILL START FROM THE DISCUSSION OF THE TEST ITSELF AND WILL BE SUPPLEMENTED BY QUESTIONS ABOUT COURSE CONTENT.
THE FINAL VOTE IS USUALLY GIVEN BY THE SUM OF THE VOTES OF THE TWO SIDES OF THE EXAM: PROJECT (OR WRITTEN TEST) AND INTERVIEW AFFECTING THE FINAL VOTE WITH EQUAL WEIGHT. EACH OF THE TWO PARTIES HAS A MINIMUM ENOUGH THRESHOLD (EQUAL TO 9 POINTS PER TEST). THE EXAM MUST BE FULLY FILED IN ONE APPEAL, SO THE TWO PARTIES MUST BE OVERCOME BOTH IN THE SAME APPEAL. THIS MEANS THAT TRIALS ARE NOT CONSERVATIVE: THEY WILL NOT, THEREFORE, PASS TESTS PASSED IN OTHER APPEALS.

	Texts
	•P. ATZENI, S. CERI, P. FRATERNALI, S. PARABOSCHI, R. TORLONE, “BASI DI DATI – MODELLI E LINGUAGGI DI INTERROGAZIONE 4° EDIZIONE”, MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION (ITALY) SRL, ISBN 978-88-386-6800-5 •(ALTERNATIVELY) P. ATZENI, S. CERI, P. FRATERNALI, S. PARABOSCHI, R. TORLONE, “BASI DI DATI - 4° EDIZIONE”, MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION (ITALY) SRL,, ISBN 978-88-386-6587-5 •(FOR CONSULTATION AND / OR IN-DEPTH) R. ELMASRI, S. NAVATHE: “SISTEMI DI BASI DI DATI, FONDAMENTI - 6° EDIZIONE”, PEARSON ITALIA, ISBN 978-88-719-2628-5

Texts

•P. ATZENI, S. CERI, P. FRATERNALI, S. PARABOSCHI, R. TORLONE, “BASI DI DATI – MODELLI E LINGUAGGI DI INTERROGAZIONE 4° EDIZIONE”, MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION (ITALY) SRL, ISBN 978-88-386-6800-5
•(ALTERNATIVELY) P. ATZENI, S. CERI, P. FRATERNALI, S. PARABOSCHI, R. TORLONE, “BASI DI DATI - 4° EDIZIONE”, MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION (ITALY) SRL,, ISBN 978-88-386-6587-5
•(FOR CONSULTATION AND / OR IN-DEPTH) R. ELMASRI, S. NAVATHE: “SISTEMI DI BASI DI DATI, FONDAMENTI - 6° EDIZIONE”, PEARSON ITALIA, ISBN 978-88-719-2628-5