Fisica | INSTITUTIONS OF NUCLEAR AND SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS

cod. 0512600012

INSTITUTIONS OF NUCLEAR AND SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS

	0512600012
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA "E.R. CAIANIELLO"

	PHYSICS
	2015/2016

PERCORSO COMUNE

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 3
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2010
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

	SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
	FIS/01	6	48	LESSONS	SUPPLEMENTARY COMPULSORY SUBJECTS

	Objectives
	(1) KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY OF UNDERSTANDING: THE COURSE INTENDS TO FURNISH, IN A CONCISE AND PROPER WAY FOR THE APPLICATIONS, THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE BASIC NOTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF THE NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND OF THE PHYSICS OF THE ELEMENTARY PARTICLES. (2) ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE COURSE INTENDS TO MAKE THE STUDENT ABLE TO ASSIMILATE THE ACQUISITION OF A WELL GROUNDED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARGUMENTS EXPOSED AND OF THE METHODS FOR SOLVING SIMPLE EXERCISES. PARTICULARLY, THE STUDENT MUST KNOW HOW TO DEVELOP EXERCISES CONCERNING ELEMENTARY PROBLEMS OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND ELEMENTARY PARTICLES. (3) COMMUNICATIVE ABILITY: THE COURSE WILL FAVOR THE ABILITY OF THE STUDENT TO EXPOSE IN CLEAR AND RIGOROUS WAY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGES. AT THE END OF THE COURSE THE STUDENT HAS TO BE ABLE TO ENUNCIATE CORRECTLY DEFINITIONS, PROBLEMS AND THEOREMS CONCERNING THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE. (4) AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: THE STUDENTS ARE DRIVEN TO LEARN CRITICALLY AND IN A RESPONSIBLE WAY ALL THE ARGUMENTS EXPOSED AND TO ENRICH HIS/HER OWN ABILITIES OF JUDGMENT THROUGH THE STUDY OF THE DIDACTIC MATERIAL POINTED OUT BY THE TEACHER.

(1) KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY OF UNDERSTANDING: THE COURSE INTENDS TO FURNISH, IN A CONCISE AND PROPER WAY FOR THE APPLICATIONS, THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE BASIC NOTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF THE NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND OF THE PHYSICS OF THE ELEMENTARY PARTICLES.
(2) ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE COURSE INTENDS TO MAKE THE STUDENT ABLE TO ASSIMILATE THE ACQUISITION OF A WELL GROUNDED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARGUMENTS EXPOSED AND OF THE METHODS FOR SOLVING SIMPLE EXERCISES. PARTICULARLY, THE STUDENT MUST KNOW HOW TO DEVELOP EXERCISES CONCERNING ELEMENTARY PROBLEMS OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND ELEMENTARY PARTICLES.
(3) COMMUNICATIVE ABILITY: THE COURSE WILL FAVOR THE ABILITY OF THE STUDENT TO EXPOSE IN CLEAR AND RIGOROUS WAY THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGES. AT THE END OF THE COURSE THE STUDENT HAS TO BE ABLE TO ENUNCIATE CORRECTLY DEFINITIONS, PROBLEMS AND THEOREMS CONCERNING THE CONTENTS OF THE COURSE.
(4) AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: THE STUDENTS ARE DRIVEN TO LEARN CRITICALLY AND IN A RESPONSIBLE WAY ALL THE ARGUMENTS EXPOSED AND TO ENRICH HIS/HER OWN ABILITIES OF JUDGMENT THROUGH THE STUDY OF THE DIDACTIC MATERIAL POINTED OUT BY THE TEACHER.

	Prerequisites
	THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE FOLLOWINGS ARGUMENTS IS REQUIRED: (1) FUNDAMENTAL AND ADVANCED DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS AND ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY; (2) CLASSICAL MECHANICS (ELEMENTARY AND ANALYTICAL) AND CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS; (3) FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ATOMIC PHYSICS; (4) FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY AND THE OF QUANTUM MECHANICS.

	Contents
	INTRODUCTION: MEASUREMENT UNITS. THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS. GEIGER AND MARSDEN EXPERIMENT, THE DISCOVERY OF THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS. DISCOVERY OF THE NEUTRON. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE NUCLEUS: RADIUS, DENSITY, MAGIC NUMBERS, SEGRE PLOT. MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR MASSES. BINDING ENERGY, SEMI-EMPIRICAL FORMULA OF THE MASSES. AND ITS USE. ELECTROMAGNETIC MOMENTS OF NUCLEAI. INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER. IONIZAZTION AND RADIATION. ELECTROMAGNETIC SHOWERS. PARTICLE DETECTORS. INTRODUCTION TO RADIOACTIVITY, THE LAWS OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY. THE ALPHA DECAY. THE BETA DECAY. KURIE PLOT, NEUTRINO HYPOTHESIS. ISOSPIN OF THE NUCLEONS. FERMI AND GAMOW-TELLER SELECTION RULES. THE GAMMA DECAY. RADIATION-MATTER INTERACTION (NOTES). NUCLEAR MODELS: FERMI GAS MODEL, LIQUID DROP MODEL, SHELL MODEL. INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR REACTIONS. KINEMATICS OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS: THRESHOLD ENERGY, Q OF A REACTION. THE DISCOVERY OF THE POSITRON, THE DISCOVERY OF PI AND MU MESONS. MEASUREMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL QUANTUM NUMBERS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES. ANTIBARYONS, STRANGE PARTICLES AND RESONANCES. ISOSPIN AND HYPERCHARGE. QUARK MODEL. UNIVERSALITY OF WEAK INTERACTIONS. AVERAGE LIFETIME OF THE MUON. THE NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT OF REINES AND COWAN. NON-CONSERVATION OF PARITY AND EXPERIMENT OF WU. MEASURE OF THE NEUTRINO ELICITY, EXPERIMENT OF GOLDHABER. WEAK INTERACTIONS AND STRANGENESS. CLASSIFICATION OF FAMILIES OF PARTICLES AND FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS.

Contents

INTRODUCTION: MEASUREMENT UNITS. THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS. GEIGER AND MARSDEN EXPERIMENT, THE DISCOVERY OF THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS. DISCOVERY OF THE NEUTRON. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE NUCLEUS: RADIUS, DENSITY, MAGIC NUMBERS, SEGRE PLOT. MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR MASSES. BINDING ENERGY, SEMI-EMPIRICAL FORMULA OF THE MASSES. AND ITS USE. ELECTROMAGNETIC MOMENTS OF NUCLEAI. INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER. IONIZAZTION AND RADIATION. ELECTROMAGNETIC SHOWERS. PARTICLE DETECTORS. INTRODUCTION TO RADIOACTIVITY, THE LAWS OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY. THE ALPHA DECAY. THE BETA DECAY. KURIE PLOT, NEUTRINO HYPOTHESIS. ISOSPIN OF THE NUCLEONS. FERMI AND GAMOW-TELLER SELECTION RULES. THE GAMMA DECAY. RADIATION-MATTER INTERACTION (NOTES). NUCLEAR MODELS: FERMI GAS MODEL, LIQUID DROP MODEL, SHELL MODEL. INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR REACTIONS. KINEMATICS OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS: THRESHOLD ENERGY, Q OF A REACTION.
THE DISCOVERY OF THE POSITRON, THE DISCOVERY OF PI AND MU MESONS. MEASUREMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL QUANTUM NUMBERS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES. ANTIBARYONS, STRANGE PARTICLES AND RESONANCES. ISOSPIN AND HYPERCHARGE. QUARK MODEL. UNIVERSALITY OF WEAK INTERACTIONS. AVERAGE LIFETIME OF THE MUON. THE NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT OF REINES AND COWAN. NON-CONSERVATION OF PARITY AND EXPERIMENT OF WU. MEASURE OF THE NEUTRINO ELICITY, EXPERIMENT OF GOLDHABER. WEAK INTERACTIONS AND STRANGENESS. CLASSIFICATION OF FAMILIES OF PARTICLES AND FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS.

	Teaching Methods
	THE COURSE IS BASED ON THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL LESSONS FINALIZED TO THE LEARNING OF THE FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF THE NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND THE PHYSICS OF THE PARTICLES. EACH LECTURE CONSISTS IN THE EXPOSITION OF ONE OR MORE ARGUMENTS FOLLOWED BY EXAMPLES, EXERCISES AND APPLICATIONS.

	Verification of learning
	THE FINAL ORAL EXAMINATION, FIXED ACCORDING TO THE CALENDAR ESTABLISHED BY THE BOARD OF DIDACTIC AREA, IS COMPOSED BY THE EXPOSITION OF ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OF THE ARGUMENTS DEVELOPED DURING THE COURSE AND ON THE SOLUTION OF SIMPLE PROBLEMS.

	Texts
	(1) I. KAPLAN, NUCLEAR PHYSICS, ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY. (2) E. SEGRÈ: NUCLEI E PARTICELLE, ZANICHELLI. TEORIA RELATIVISTICA (PARTI I E II). (3) G. GRELLA: APPUNTI DALLE LEZIONI. (4) PROSPERI - DE SANCTIS - INCICCHITTI : APPUNTI (5) T. VIRGILI: APPUNTI DALLE LEZIONI