Fisica | GENERAL PHYSICS I

cod. 0512600005

GENERAL PHYSICS I

	0512600005
	DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA "E.R. CAIANIELLO"
	EQF6
	PHYSICS
	2018/2019

PERCORSO COMUNE

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 1
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2017
	ANNUALE

TEACHING UNITS

SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
FIS/01	8	64	LESSONS	BASIC COMPULSORY SUBJECTS
FIS/01	7	84	EXERCISES	BASIC COMPULSORY SUBJECTS

PROFESSORS

	ILEANA RABUFFO T Curriculum
	ANTONIO CAPOLUPO Curriculum

	Objectives
	THE COURSE HAS THE OBJECTIVE OF PROVIDING THE STUDENT WITH A SOLID FORMATION IN THE FIELDS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: AFTER COMPLETING THE COURSE, THE STUDENT ACQUIRES THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF NEWTONIAN MECHANICS AND ITS MAIN APPLICATIONS AND OF THERMODYNAMICS OF EQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES. SOME ELEMENTS ON THE PHYSICS OF IDEAL FLUIDS ARE ALSO PRESENTED, IN A WAY THAT ALLOWS THE STUDENT TO FRUITFULLY FOLLOW THE INSIGHTS ON THESE TOPICS THAT ARE PROPOSED IN LATER YEARS. APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE SETTING OF THE COURSE AIMS TO ENSURE THAT A STUDENT WHO HAS CONSISTENTLY ATTENDED THE LESSONS AND LEARNED THE STRATEGIES TO APPROACH THE PROBLEMS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS, AT THE END OF THE COURSE HAS THE ABILITY TO CRITICALLY DEAL WITH FUTURE STUDIES AND BE ABLE TO ELABORATE TROUBLESHOOTING IDEAS ACCORDING TO THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

THE COURSE HAS THE OBJECTIVE OF PROVIDING THE STUDENT WITH A SOLID FORMATION IN THE FIELDS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
AFTER COMPLETING THE COURSE, THE STUDENT ACQUIRES THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF NEWTONIAN MECHANICS AND ITS MAIN APPLICATIONS AND OF THERMODYNAMICS OF EQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES. SOME ELEMENTS ON THE PHYSICS OF IDEAL FLUIDS ARE ALSO PRESENTED, IN A WAY THAT ALLOWS THE STUDENT TO FRUITFULLY FOLLOW THE INSIGHTS ON THESE TOPICS THAT ARE PROPOSED IN LATER YEARS.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE SETTING OF THE COURSE AIMS TO ENSURE THAT A STUDENT WHO HAS CONSISTENTLY ATTENDED THE LESSONS AND LEARNED THE STRATEGIES TO APPROACH THE PROBLEMS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS, AT THE END OF THE COURSE HAS THE ABILITY TO CRITICALLY DEAL WITH FUTURE STUDIES AND BE ABLE TO ELABORATE TROUBLESHOOTING IDEAS ACCORDING TO THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

	Prerequisites
	STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE AN ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE OF ALGEBRA, EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY, TRIGONOMETRY AND THE BASES OF THE ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS. ALSO USEFUL IS A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF CLASSICAL PHYSICS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL, BUT ABOVE ALL IT IS IMPORTANT TO HAVE A POSITIVE ATTITUDE AND A STRONG CURIOSITY TOWARDS THE STUDY OF PHYSICS. WE DO NOT INDICATE AS COMPULSORY TO HAVE PASSED THE EXAMS OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS I AND GEOMETRY. HOWEVER, PASSING SUCH MATH EXAMS MAY FACILITATE THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE TOPICS OF THE COURSE.

Prerequisites

STUDENTS ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE AN ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE OF ALGEBRA, EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY, TRIGONOMETRY AND THE BASES OF THE ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS. ALSO USEFUL IS A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF CLASSICAL PHYSICS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL, BUT ABOVE ALL IT IS IMPORTANT TO HAVE A POSITIVE ATTITUDE AND A STRONG CURIOSITY TOWARDS THE STUDY OF PHYSICS.
WE DO NOT INDICATE AS COMPULSORY TO HAVE PASSED THE EXAMS OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS I AND GEOMETRY. HOWEVER, PASSING SUCH MATH EXAMS MAY FACILITATE THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE TOPICS OF THE COURSE.

	Contents
	THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD. PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS. COORDINATE SYSTEMS AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS. SCALARS AND VECTORS. (LESSON H2, EXERC.0) KINEMATICS OF A PARTICLE: THE MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION: ARC LENGTH, SCALAR SPEED AND ACCELERATION, NOTES ON THE CONCEPT OF DERIVATIVE (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). RECONSTRUCTION OF KINEMATIC QUANTITIES AFTER THE DERIVATION: NOD TO THE CONCEPT OF THE INTEGRAL (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). UNIFORM MOTION AND UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED (LESSON H1, EXERC.2). MOTION IN MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS: PROJECTILE MOTION, UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION OR NOT(LESSON H2, EXERC.2). COMPONENTS OF VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION IN THE TANGENT-NORMAL AND POLAR COORDINATES(LESSON H1, EXERC.0). DYNAMICS OF A PARTICLE: FIRST LAW OF MOTION AND INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS. THE SECOND AND THIRD LAW OF MOTION(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). THE FORCES: GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, FRICTIONAL FORCE, ELASTIC FORCE, REACTIONS, VISCOUS FRICTION(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). INTEGRATION OF THE EQUATION OF MOTION IN SOME NOTABLE CASES (NODS TO THE METHOD OF SOLVING LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF SECOND ORDER). FALL OF A BODY IN THE PRESENCE OF VISCOUS FRICTION, SIMPLE HARMONIC OSCILLATOR(LESSON H2, EXERC.4), FORCED AND DAMPED OSCILLATOR, RESONANCE(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). MOMENTUM, IMPULSE. WORK (LESSON H2, EXERC.0), KINETIC ENERGY. CONSERVATIVE FORCES AND POTENTIAL ENERGY(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). NOTES TO THE MEANING OF THE OPERATOR NABLA. NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR A CONSERVATIVE FORCE FIELD(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). GRAVITATION( LESSON H1, EXERC.0)DYNAMICS IN THE NON-INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS. FICTITIOUS FORCES(LESSON H1, EXERC.2). DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES: CENTER OF MASS, MOMENTUM, ANGULAR MOMENTUM, TORQUE, RESULTING MOMENT OF THE FORCES. CARDINAL EQUATIONS OF THE DYNAMICS OF PARTICLE SYSTEMS. CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM, CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). ENERGY OF A SYSTEM OF PARTICLES. THEOREMS OF KONIG(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). REFERENCE SYSTEM OF THE CENTER OF MASS. KINETIC ENERGY PER PARTICLE SYSTEMS. COLLISIONS(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). RIGID BODIES: CARDINAL EQUATIONS OF RIGID BODY DYNAMICS, ROTATIONS; PROPERTIES OF AXIAL MOMENTS, SUPPORT REACTIONS, KINETIC ENERGY(LESSON H2, EXERC.2). DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES ROTATING ABOUT A FIXED AXIS, MOMENT OF INERTIA, KINETIC ENERGY AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). TRUE ROLLING MOTION (LESSON H2, EXERC.4)ELEMENTS OF STATIC(LESSON H1, EXERC.0). FLUIDS: FLUID STATICS: STEVIN'S LAW, TORRICELLI'S EXPERIMENT, COMMUNICATING VESSELS, U-TUBE MANOMETER, PASCAL'S PRINCIPLE. ARCHIMEDES' PRINCIPLE(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). FLUID DYNAMICS: IDEAL FLUID, LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIAN DESCRIPTIONS , STEADY, FLOW LINES AND FLOW TUBES, FLOW, CONTINUITY EQUATION, BERNOULLI’S EQUATION(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). THERMODYNAMICS: THE ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS. TEMPERATURE AND THERMOMETERS(LESSON H2, EXERC.0), STATE VARIABLES, EQUATION OF STATE OF IDEAL GASES(LESSON H2, EXERC.0),HEAT AND WORK (LESSON H2, EXERC.0).THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, INTERNAL ENERGY, THERMODYNAMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS, ADIABATIC, ISOTHERMAL, ISOBARIC, ISOVOLUMIC, POLYTROPIC(LESSON H2, EXERC.4) . THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMIC, THE FORMULATION OF CLAUSIUS AND KELVIN,HEAT ENGINE, CARNOT CYCLE,CARNOT'S THEOREM;(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). ABSOLUTE THERMODYNAMICS TEMPERATURE, (LESSON H2, EXERC.0).ENTRPPY (LESSON H2, EXERC.4).REAL GASES AND THE VAN DER WAALS EQUATION . CHANGES OF STATE(LESSON H1, EXERC.2).

Contents

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD. PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND UNITS. COORDINATE SYSTEMS AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS. SCALARS AND VECTORS. (LESSON H2, EXERC.0)

KINEMATICS OF A PARTICLE:
THE MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION: ARC LENGTH, SCALAR SPEED AND ACCELERATION, NOTES ON THE CONCEPT OF DERIVATIVE (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). RECONSTRUCTION OF KINEMATIC QUANTITIES AFTER THE DERIVATION: NOD TO THE CONCEPT OF THE INTEGRAL (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). UNIFORM MOTION AND UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED (LESSON H1, EXERC.2). MOTION IN MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS: PROJECTILE MOTION, UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION OR NOT(LESSON H2, EXERC.2). COMPONENTS OF VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION IN THE TANGENT-NORMAL AND POLAR COORDINATES(LESSON H1, EXERC.0).

DYNAMICS OF A PARTICLE:
FIRST LAW OF MOTION AND INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS. THE SECOND AND THIRD LAW OF MOTION(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). THE FORCES: GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, FRICTIONAL FORCE, ELASTIC FORCE, REACTIONS, VISCOUS FRICTION(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). INTEGRATION OF THE EQUATION OF MOTION IN SOME NOTABLE CASES (NODS TO THE METHOD OF SOLVING LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF SECOND ORDER). FALL OF A BODY IN THE PRESENCE OF VISCOUS FRICTION, SIMPLE HARMONIC OSCILLATOR(LESSON H2, EXERC.4), FORCED AND DAMPED OSCILLATOR, RESONANCE(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). MOMENTUM, IMPULSE. WORK (LESSON H2, EXERC.0), KINETIC ENERGY. CONSERVATIVE FORCES AND POTENTIAL ENERGY(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). NOTES TO THE MEANING OF THE OPERATOR NABLA. NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR A CONSERVATIVE FORCE FIELD(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). GRAVITATION( LESSON H1, EXERC.0)DYNAMICS IN THE NON-INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS. FICTITIOUS FORCES(LESSON H1, EXERC.2).

DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES:
CENTER OF MASS, MOMENTUM, ANGULAR MOMENTUM, TORQUE, RESULTING MOMENT OF THE FORCES. CARDINAL EQUATIONS OF THE DYNAMICS OF PARTICLE SYSTEMS. CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM, CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM (LESSON H2, EXERC.4). ENERGY OF A SYSTEM OF PARTICLES. THEOREMS OF KONIG(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). REFERENCE SYSTEM OF THE CENTER OF MASS. KINETIC ENERGY PER PARTICLE SYSTEMS. COLLISIONS(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). RIGID BODIES: CARDINAL EQUATIONS OF RIGID BODY DYNAMICS, ROTATIONS; PROPERTIES OF AXIAL MOMENTS, SUPPORT REACTIONS, KINETIC ENERGY(LESSON H2, EXERC.2). DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES ROTATING ABOUT A FIXED AXIS, MOMENT OF INERTIA, KINETIC ENERGY AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). TRUE ROLLING MOTION (LESSON H2, EXERC.4)ELEMENTS OF STATIC(LESSON H1, EXERC.0).

FLUIDS:
FLUID STATICS: STEVIN'S LAW, TORRICELLI'S EXPERIMENT, COMMUNICATING VESSELS, U-TUBE MANOMETER, PASCAL'S PRINCIPLE. ARCHIMEDES' PRINCIPLE(LESSON H2, EXERC.0). FLUID DYNAMICS: IDEAL FLUID, LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIAN DESCRIPTIONS , STEADY, FLOW LINES AND FLOW TUBES, FLOW, CONTINUITY EQUATION, BERNOULLI’S EQUATION(LESSON H2, EXERC.0).

THERMODYNAMICS:
THE ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS. TEMPERATURE AND THERMOMETERS(LESSON H2, EXERC.0), STATE VARIABLES, EQUATION OF STATE OF IDEAL GASES(LESSON H2, EXERC.0),HEAT AND WORK (LESSON H2, EXERC.0).THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, INTERNAL ENERGY, THERMODYNAMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS, ADIABATIC, ISOTHERMAL, ISOBARIC, ISOVOLUMIC, POLYTROPIC(LESSON H2, EXERC.4) . THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMIC, THE FORMULATION OF CLAUSIUS AND KELVIN,HEAT ENGINE, CARNOT CYCLE,CARNOT'S THEOREM;(LESSON H2, EXERC.4). ABSOLUTE THERMODYNAMICS TEMPERATURE, (LESSON H2, EXERC.0).ENTRPPY (LESSON H2, EXERC.4).REAL GASES AND THE VAN DER WAALS EQUATION . CHANGES OF STATE(LESSON H1, EXERC.2).

	Teaching Methods
	LESSONS, NOT ONLY ABOUT THEORY BUT SUPPORTED BY APPLICATIONS OF GRADUALLY INCREASING DIFFICULTY. STIMULATED DISCUSSIONS BASED ON THE SEARCH FOR ERRORS AND/OR REASONING TO MOVE TOWARDS A DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPTS. ONGOING CHECKS ARE ALSO SCHEDULED TO TEST THE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT.

	Verification of learning
	FINAL EXAMINATION CONSISTS IN A WRITTEN TEST FOLLOWED BY AN ORAL TEST (ONLY IF THE OUTCOME OF THE WRITTEN TEST EXCEEDS A IVEN THRESHOLD VALUE). BOTH THESE TESTS ARE STRUCTURED TO MEASURE THE ELIGIBILITY OF THE STUDENT IN REASONS INVOLVING CLASSIC MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. VERIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE IS CERTLY AN OBJECTIVE BUT IS NOT THE ONLY ONE. RATHER THE VERIFICATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD'S KNOWLEDGE IS CONSIDERED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF VERIFYING THE KNOWLEDGE OF CLASSIC MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. AN EXAMINATION IN WHICH THE WRITTEN PART CONTAINS AT MOST SOME IMPERFECTIONS (BUT NOT CONCEPTUAL ERRORS) AND THE ORAL PART IS AT THE SAME LEVEL, IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE BEST ONE, I.E. VALUED 30/30. IF THE STUDENT ADDS A CORRECT LANGUAGE AND A VALUABLE LOGICAL SETTING THEN IT IS USUALLY ATTRIBUTED ALSO THE "LODE". THE NUMBER OF CALLS IS DECIDED BY THE AREA COUNCIL.

Verification of learning

FINAL EXAMINATION CONSISTS IN A WRITTEN TEST FOLLOWED BY AN ORAL TEST (ONLY IF THE OUTCOME OF THE WRITTEN TEST EXCEEDS A IVEN THRESHOLD VALUE). BOTH THESE TESTS ARE STRUCTURED TO MEASURE THE ELIGIBILITY OF THE STUDENT IN REASONS INVOLVING CLASSIC MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. VERIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE IS CERTLY AN OBJECTIVE BUT IS NOT THE ONLY ONE. RATHER THE VERIFICATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD'S KNOWLEDGE IS CONSIDERED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF VERIFYING THE KNOWLEDGE OF CLASSIC MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS.
AN EXAMINATION IN WHICH THE WRITTEN PART CONTAINS AT MOST SOME IMPERFECTIONS (BUT NOT CONCEPTUAL ERRORS) AND THE ORAL PART IS AT THE SAME LEVEL, IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE BEST ONE, I.E. VALUED 30/30. IF THE STUDENT ADDS A CORRECT LANGUAGE AND A VALUABLE LOGICAL SETTING THEN IT IS USUALLY ATTRIBUTED ALSO THE "LODE". THE NUMBER OF CALLS IS DECIDED BY THE AREA COUNCIL.

	Texts
	P. MAZZOLDI, M. NIGRO, C. VOCI, "FISICA - VOLUME I", EDISES. C. MENCUCCINI E V. SILVESTRINI, "FISICA I - MECCANICA E TERMODINAMICA", LIGUORI. "THE FEYNMAN LECTURES ON PHYSICS", ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY

	More Information
	THE GRADUATE PROGRAM, ORGANIZED AT THE BEGINNING OF EACH ACADEMIC YEAR, PROVIDES SOME ADDITIVE LESSONS TO SUPPORT STUDENTS WHO HAVE REPORTED INSUFFICIENT OUTCOMES AT THE PRELIMINARY ENTRANCE TEST. THESE LESSONS PROVIDE BASIC PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS NOTIONS THAT SHOULD STRENGTHEN THE WEAKER STUDENTS IN TACKLING THEIR STUDIES.

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