Matematica | PHYSICS WITH PRACTICE IN LABORATORY I

cod. 0512300014

PHYSICS WITH PRACTICE IN LABORATORY I

	0512300014
	DIPARTIMENTO DI MATEMATICA

	MATHEMATICS
	2013/2014

CURRICULUM MATEMATICA AD INDIRIZZO APPLICATIVO

	OBBLIGATORIO
	YEAR OF COURSE 2
	YEAR OF DIDACTIC SYSTEM 2010
	SECONDO SEMESTRE

TEACHING UNITS

SSD	CFU	HOURS	ACTIVITY	TYPE OF ACTIVITY
FIS/01	7	56	LESSONS	BASIC COMPULSORY SUBJECTS
FIS/01	2	24	EXERCISES	BASIC COMPULSORY SUBJECTS

PROFESSORS

	ALFONSO ROMANO T Curriculum
	ANTONIO DI BARTOLOMEO Curriculum

	Objectives
	KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANICS OF A SINGLE PARTICLE AS WELL AS OF A SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES, ILLUSTRATING THE GENERAL THEORY WITH EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS TO SPECIFIC SYSTEMS. AS FAR AS THERMODYNAMICS IS CONCERNED, THE MAIN GOAL IS THE COMPREHENSION OF ITS FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES, WITH APPLICATIONS TO PHYSICAL PROCESSES INVOLVING EXCHANGES OF ENERGY NOT TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN MECHANICS. AS FAR AS LABORATORY ACTIVITY IS CONCERNED, THE OBJECTIVE IS THE REALIZATION OF SIMPLE EXPERIMENTS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS FOR WHICH A CAREFUL ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA IS SUBSEQUENTLY REQUIRED. APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE COURSE STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO BE ABLE TO: 1) UNDERSTAND THE PHYSICS UNDERLYING THE BEHAVIOR OF A SINGLE PARTICLE AS WELL AS OF A SYSTEM OF PARTICLES, STARTING FROM THE ACQUIRED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE; 2) IDENTIFY CONSERVATION LAWS, USING THEM WHEREVER IS POSSIBLE TO SIMPLIFY THE ANALYSIS; 3) APPLY THE PREVIOUS IDEAS TO THE RESOLUTION OF SIMPLE EXERCISES OF MECHANICS; 4) SOLVE SIMPLE EXERCISES OF THERMODYNAMICS BY MEANS OF THE FIRST AND THE SECOND PRINCIPLE, WITH A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THOSE RELATED TO THE BEHAVIOR OF AN IDEAL GAS; 5) REALIZE AND INTERPRET SIMPLE EXPERIMENTS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. MAKING JUDGEMENTS: STUDENTS ARE URGED TO STUDY AND ANALYZE IN A CRITICAL WAY ALL THE TOPICS THAT ARE DISCUSSED DURING THE COURSE. THE ENRICHMENT OF THEIR JUDGEMENT ABILILTY IS ALSO PURSUED BY MEANS OF NOTES AND TEXTBOOKS SUGGESTED BY THE TEACHER. COMMUNICATION SKILL: THE COURSE IS EXPECTED TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO HANDLE AND DESCRIBE IN A CLEAR AND RIGOROUS WAY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING THE COURSE, WITH A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE CORRECTNESS OF THE LOGICAL STEPS UNDERLYING THE APPROACH UNDER CONSIDERATION.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
THE AIM OF THE COURSE IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANICS OF A SINGLE PARTICLE AS WELL AS OF A SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES, ILLUSTRATING THE GENERAL THEORY WITH EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS TO SPECIFIC SYSTEMS. AS FAR AS THERMODYNAMICS IS CONCERNED, THE MAIN GOAL IS THE COMPREHENSION OF ITS FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES, WITH APPLICATIONS TO PHYSICAL PROCESSES INVOLVING EXCHANGES OF ENERGY NOT TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN MECHANICS. AS FAR AS LABORATORY ACTIVITY IS CONCERNED, THE OBJECTIVE IS THE REALIZATION OF SIMPLE EXPERIMENTS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS FOR WHICH A CAREFUL ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA IS SUBSEQUENTLY REQUIRED.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING:
AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE COURSE STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO BE ABLE TO: 1) UNDERSTAND THE PHYSICS UNDERLYING THE BEHAVIOR OF A SINGLE PARTICLE AS WELL AS OF A SYSTEM OF PARTICLES, STARTING FROM THE ACQUIRED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE; 2) IDENTIFY CONSERVATION LAWS, USING THEM WHEREVER IS POSSIBLE TO SIMPLIFY THE ANALYSIS; 3) APPLY THE PREVIOUS IDEAS TO THE RESOLUTION OF SIMPLE EXERCISES OF MECHANICS; 4) SOLVE SIMPLE EXERCISES OF THERMODYNAMICS BY MEANS OF THE FIRST AND THE SECOND PRINCIPLE, WITH A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THOSE RELATED TO THE BEHAVIOR OF AN IDEAL GAS; 5) REALIZE AND INTERPRET SIMPLE EXPERIMENTS OF MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS.

MAKING JUDGEMENTS:
STUDENTS ARE URGED TO STUDY AND ANALYZE IN A CRITICAL WAY ALL THE TOPICS THAT ARE DISCUSSED DURING THE COURSE. THE ENRICHMENT OF THEIR JUDGEMENT ABILILTY IS ALSO PURSUED BY MEANS OF NOTES AND TEXTBOOKS SUGGESTED BY THE TEACHER.

COMMUNICATION SKILL:
THE COURSE IS EXPECTED TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO HANDLE AND DESCRIBE IN A CLEAR AND RIGOROUS WAY THE KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING THE COURSE, WITH A SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE CORRECTNESS OF THE LOGICAL STEPS UNDERLYING THE APPROACH UNDER CONSIDERATION.

	Prerequisites
	THE REQUIRED BACKGROUND INCLUDES THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF TRIGONOMETRY, ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY AND CALCULUS FOR FUNCTIONS OF A SINGLE VARIABLE.

	Contents
	SCIENTIFIC METHOD AND UNITS. VECTOR ALGEBRA. KINEMATICS: POSITION, DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY, ACCELERATION, MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE, PROJECTILE MOTION, CIRCULAR MOTION. DYNAMICS OF A SINGLE PARTICLE: INERTIA PRINCIPLE, INERTIAL AND NON-IINERTIAL REFERENCE FRAMES. SECOND LAW OF DYNAMICS, LINEAR MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, WEIGHT, FRICTION, TENSION, CONSTRAINTS, ELASTIC FORCES AND LINEAR HARMONIC OSCILLATOR, KINETIC ENERGY AND WORK, CONSERVATIVE FORCES, POTENTIAL ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF THE MECHANICAL ENERGY, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND MOMENT OF FORCE. DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES: CENTER OF MASS, THIRD LAW OF DYNAMICS, FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF DYNAMICS, CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM, COLLISIONS. DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES: MOMENT OF INERTIA, THEOREM OF HUYGENS-STEINER, KINETIC ENERGY, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND EQUATION OF MOTION OF A RIGID BODY ROTATING ABOUT A FIXED AXIS, STATICS AND EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS, EQUILIBRIUM UNDER GRAVITY. GRAVITATION: NEWTON’S LAW OF GRAVITATION, CONSERVATIVITY OF THE GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, ESCAPE VELOCITY, MOTION OF SATELLITES, GRAVITATIONAL FIELD, GAUSS’ THEOREM (WITHOUT PROOF) AND ITS IMPLICATIONS, KEPLER’S LAWS. THERMODYNAMICS: TEMPERATURE, THERMOMETERS, THERMODYNAMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS, REVERSIBILITY AND IRREVERSIBILITY, WORK AND HEAT, JOULE'S EXPERIMENTS, FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, INTERNAL ENERGY, HEAT CAPACITY AND SPECIFIC HEAT, PHASE CHANGES AND LATENT HEATS, IDEAL GASES AND EQUATION OF STATE, JOULE'S EXPERIMENT ON THE INTERNAL ENERGY OF AN IDEAL GAS, RELEVANT TRANSFORMATIONS OF AN IDEAL GAS, MAYER'S RELATION, CYCLIC TRANSFORMATIONS, EFFICIENCY, CARNOT'S CYCLE, SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, KELVIN AND CLAUSIUS STATEMENTS AND THEIR EQUIVALENCE, HEAT ENGINES AND REFRIGERATING ENGINES, CARNOT THEOREM, CLAUSIUS’S INEQUALITY, ENTROPY. VARIATION OF ENTROPY FOR AN INDEAL GAS AND IN PHASE CHANGES. DATA ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY ACTIVITY: ERRORS, TREATMENT AND GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA, LEAST SQUARES METHOD, MEASUREMENT OF THE DENSITY OF A SOLID, OF THE ELASTIC CONSTANT OF A SPRING, OF THE ACCELERATION UNDER GRAVITY, OF THE SPECIFIC HEAT OF A SOLID, OF THE TIME CONSTANT OF A THERMOMETER.

Contents

SCIENTIFIC METHOD AND UNITS. VECTOR ALGEBRA. KINEMATICS: POSITION, DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY, ACCELERATION, MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE, PROJECTILE MOTION, CIRCULAR MOTION.

DYNAMICS OF A SINGLE PARTICLE: INERTIA PRINCIPLE, INERTIAL AND NON-IINERTIAL REFERENCE FRAMES. SECOND LAW OF DYNAMICS, LINEAR MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, WEIGHT, FRICTION, TENSION, CONSTRAINTS, ELASTIC FORCES AND LINEAR HARMONIC OSCILLATOR, KINETIC ENERGY AND WORK, CONSERVATIVE FORCES, POTENTIAL ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF THE MECHANICAL ENERGY, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND MOMENT OF FORCE.

DYNAMICS OF SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES: CENTER OF MASS, THIRD LAW OF DYNAMICS, FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS OF DYNAMICS, CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM, COLLISIONS.

DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES: MOMENT OF INERTIA, THEOREM OF HUYGENS-STEINER, KINETIC ENERGY, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND EQUATION OF MOTION OF A RIGID BODY ROTATING ABOUT A FIXED AXIS, STATICS AND EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS, EQUILIBRIUM UNDER GRAVITY.

GRAVITATION: NEWTON’S LAW OF GRAVITATION, CONSERVATIVITY OF THE GRAVITATIONAL FORCE, ESCAPE VELOCITY, MOTION OF SATELLITES, GRAVITATIONAL FIELD, GAUSS’ THEOREM (WITHOUT PROOF) AND ITS IMPLICATIONS, KEPLER’S LAWS.

THERMODYNAMICS: TEMPERATURE, THERMOMETERS, THERMODYNAMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS, REVERSIBILITY AND IRREVERSIBILITY, WORK AND HEAT, JOULE'S EXPERIMENTS, FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, INTERNAL ENERGY, HEAT CAPACITY AND SPECIFIC HEAT, PHASE CHANGES AND LATENT HEATS, IDEAL GASES AND EQUATION OF STATE, JOULE'S EXPERIMENT ON THE INTERNAL ENERGY OF AN IDEAL GAS, RELEVANT TRANSFORMATIONS OF AN IDEAL GAS, MAYER'S RELATION, CYCLIC TRANSFORMATIONS, EFFICIENCY, CARNOT'S CYCLE, SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS, KELVIN AND CLAUSIUS STATEMENTS AND THEIR EQUIVALENCE, HEAT ENGINES AND REFRIGERATING ENGINES, CARNOT THEOREM, CLAUSIUS’S INEQUALITY, ENTROPY. VARIATION OF ENTROPY FOR AN INDEAL GAS AND IN PHASE CHANGES.

DATA ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY ACTIVITY: ERRORS, TREATMENT AND GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA, LEAST SQUARES METHOD, MEASUREMENT OF THE DENSITY OF A SOLID, OF THE ELASTIC CONSTANT OF A SPRING, OF THE ACCELERATION UNDER GRAVITY, OF THE SPECIFIC HEAT OF A SOLID, OF THE TIME CONSTANT OF A THERMOMETER.

	Teaching Methods
	THE MAIN PART OF THE COURSE IS DEVOTED TO THEORETICAL LECTURES FOCUSING ON THE NEWTONIAN FORMULATION OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS, AS WELL AS ON CLASSICAL THERMODYNAMICS. THIS PART IS SUPPLEMENTED BY LECTURES FOCUSING ON THE SOLUTION OF EXERCISES INVOLVING THE DYNAMICS OF A SINGLE PARTICLE AND OF RIGID BODIES, AS WELL AS THE BEHAVIOR OF THERMODYNAMICAL SYSTEMS.

	Verification of learning
	THE ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF LEARNING IS MADE THROUGH A FINAL EXAM CONSISTING OF A WRITTEN TEST FOLLOWED BY AN ORAL DISCUSSION. A THRESHOLD LEVEL MUST BE REACHED IN THE WRITTEN TEST IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE ADMISSION TO THE ORAL DISCUSSION. IT IS ALSO REQUIRED THAT STUDENTS PREPARE SOME DOCUMENTS DESCRIBING IN AN ACCURATE WAY ALL THE EXPERIMENTS PERFORMED DURING THE LABORATORY ACTIVITY.

	Texts
	P. MAZZOLDI, M. NIGRO, C.VOCI, “FISICA” VOL. I, EDISES C. MENCUCCINI, V. SILVESTRINI, “FISICA I – MECCANICA TERMODINAMICA”, LIGUORI D. HALLIDAY, R. RESNICK, J. WALKER, “FONDAMENTI DI FISICA”, AMBROSIANA M. SEVERI, INTRODUZIONE ALLA ESPERIMENTAZIONE FISICA, ZANICHELLI G. CANNELLI, METODOLOGIE SPERIMENTALI IN FISICA, EDISES